Analgesia, Sedation, and Neuromuscular Blockade in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Secondary Analysis of the "Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial" (ADAPT).

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Jennifer Clancy Laws, Jaskaran Rakkar, Sandra D W Buttram, Michael Seth Wolf
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Sedative, analgesia, and neuromuscular blocking (NMB) medications may be necessary in the acute management of pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), yet limited data exist to guide their use. We aimed to describe the use of continuous infusions of these medications in children with sTBI, to determine temporal trends during the first week of management, and to evaluate associations with in-hospital mortality.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Trial (NCT04077411, 2014-2017), a prospective multicenter observational study of patients < 18 years old with sTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8) who underwent intracranial pressure monitoring. Continuous analgesic, sedative, and NMB medication infusions administered in the first 7 days after sTBI were analyzed.

Results: Data from 929 patients were analyzed with a median Glasgow Coma Scale of 6 (interquartile range 3-7), 14% hospital mortality. In the 7 days after intracranial pressure monitor placement, 866 (93%) patients received an opioid infusion, with 659 (71%) patients having received fentanyl. A total of 679 (73%) patients received benzodiazepine: 671 (72%) patients received midazolam. A total of 362 (39%) patients received NMB, with the most common being vecuronium, administered to 141 (15%) patients. Propofol was administered to 264 (28%) patients, alpha-2 agonist to 263 (28%) patients, and ketamine to 4 (0.43%) patients. The median number of infusions per patient was 2 (interquartile range 1-2), with the highest number on intensive care unit day 2. Morphine and dexmedetomidine infusions were used more often in survivors than nonsurvivors (33 vs. 16%, and 30 vs. 9%, respectively, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Fentanyl and midazolam were the most common analgesic and sedative continuous infusions during acute pediatric sTBI management. Propofol and dexmedetomidine were used less frequently. Opioid (specifically morphine) and dexmedetomidine infusions were associated with survival. Larger studies are needed to determine the safest and most effective analgesia, sedation, and NMB medication strategy for children with sTBI.

儿童严重创伤性脑损伤的镇痛、镇静和神经肌肉阻断:“急性儿童TBI试验的方法和决定”(ADAPT)的二次分析。
背景:在儿童严重创伤性脑损伤(sTBI)的急性治疗中,镇静、镇痛和神经肌肉阻断(NMB)药物可能是必要的,但指导其使用的数据有限。我们的目的是描述sTBI儿童持续输注这些药物的使用情况,确定治疗第一周的时间趋势,并评估与住院死亡率的关系。方法:我们对急性儿科创伤性脑损伤试验(NCT04077411, 2014-2017)的方法和决策进行了二次分析,这是一项前瞻性多中心观察性研究,患者。结果:929例患者的数据被分析,格拉斯哥昏迷评分中位数为6(四分位数范围为3-7),住院死亡率为14%。在放置颅内压监测仪后的7天内,866例(93%)患者接受阿片类药物输注,659例(71%)患者接受芬太尼输注。679例(73%)患者使用苯二氮卓类药物,671例(72%)患者使用咪达唑仑。362例(39%)患者接受了NMB治疗,其中最常见的是维库溴铵,141例(15%)患者接受了NMB治疗。异丙酚264例(28%),α -2激动剂263例(28%),氯胺酮4例(0.43%)。每位患者输液次数中位数为2次(四分位数范围为1-2),在重症监护病房第2天输液次数最多。吗啡和右美托咪定输注在幸存者中比非幸存者更常用(分别为33%对16%和30%对9%)。结论:芬太尼和咪达唑仑是急性小儿sTBI治疗中最常用的镇痛和镇静药物。异丙酚和右美托咪定使用频率较低。阿片类药物(特别是吗啡)和右美托咪定输注与生存率相关。需要更大规模的研究来确定sTBI患儿最安全、最有效的镇痛、镇静和NMB用药策略。
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来源期刊
Neurocritical Care
Neurocritical Care 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
8.60%
发文量
221
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Neurocritical Care is a peer reviewed scientific publication whose major goal is to disseminate new knowledge on all aspects of acute neurological care. It is directed towards neurosurgeons, neuro-intensivists, neurologists, anesthesiologists, emergency physicians, and critical care nurses treating patients with urgent neurologic disorders. These are conditions that may potentially evolve rapidly and could need immediate medical or surgical intervention. Neurocritical Care provides a comprehensive overview of current developments in intensive care neurology, neurosurgery and neuroanesthesia and includes information about new therapeutic avenues and technological innovations. Neurocritical Care is the official journal of the Neurocritical Care Society.
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