An African swine fever virus-specific antibody reactome reveals antigens as potential candidates for vaccine development.

IF 3.8 2区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY
Journal of Virology Pub Date : 2025-09-23 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI:10.1128/jvi.00478-25
Songxin Guo, Yi Ru, Hui Zhang, Junbiao Xue, Huanan Liu, Dong Men, Zongqiang Cui, Chaochao Shen, Hong Tian, Chun Ma, Jun Gong, Jintian Xu, Dianbing Wang, Rui Gong, Xiaowei Zhang, Heng Rong, Yan-Yi Wang, Chenli Liu, Zhuojun Dai, Shengce Tao, Jiaoyu Deng, Haixue Zheng, Feng Li, Xian-En Zhang
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Abstract

Developing an efficient and safe vaccine for African swine fever (ASF), a devastating disease of pigs, remains a significant challenge mainly due to limited knowledge of the immune correlates of protection. Identifying protective determinants is difficult because ASF virus (ASFV) is a large and complex DNA virus encoding over 160 proteins. Here, we constructed an ASFV proteome microarray containing 160 full-length proteins for profiling ASFV-specific antibodies. An antibody reactome containing 46 ASFV proteins (including 12 newly recognized B-cell antigens) was established by analyzing several cohorts of serum samples from pigs protected with different live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs). A proteome-wide study of antibody dynamics over a 26-day period provided a multi-dimensional landscape of the host humoral response against ASFV after acute infection, LAV immunization, and post-vaccination challenge. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of ASFV-induced humoral immune responses, highlights B-cell antigen candidates for vaccine design, supports the investigation of LAV protection mechanisms, and would accelerate vaccine development.IMPORTANCEAfrican swine fever (ASF) poses a severe threat to global swine industries, with vaccine development hindered by limited understanding of immune protection. A comprehensive understanding of antibody responses against ASF virus (ASFV) and the discovery of protective antigens are fundamental to vaccine development. This study constructed an ASFV proteome microarray to profile antibody responses against 160 viral proteins and established the antibody spectra against ASFV with dynamic features. The proteome microarray offers a high-throughput platform for understanding ASFV immunology and pathogenicity and will contribute to ASF vaccine development and diagnosis.

非洲猪瘟病毒特异性抗体反应组揭示了抗原作为疫苗开发的潜在候选物。
开发一种有效和安全的非洲猪瘟疫苗仍然是一项重大挑战,这主要是由于对保护的免疫相关知识有限。非洲猪瘟是猪的一种毁灭性疾病。由于非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)是一种大型且复杂的DNA病毒,编码超过160种蛋白质,因此确定保护性决定因素很困难。在这里,我们构建了一个包含160个全长蛋白的非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白质组微阵列,用于分析非洲猪瘟病毒特异性抗体。通过分析不同减毒活疫苗(lav)保护的猪血清样本,建立了包含46种ASFV蛋白(包括12种新识别的b细胞抗原)的抗体反应组。一项为期26天的蛋白质组抗体动态研究提供了急性感染、LAV免疫和疫苗接种后宿主对ASFV体液反应的多维景观。该研究提供了对asfv诱导的体液免疫反应的全面了解,突出了疫苗设计的b细胞候选抗原,支持LAV保护机制的研究,并将加速疫苗的开发。非洲猪瘟(ASF)对全球养猪业构成严重威胁,对免疫保护的了解有限阻碍了疫苗的开发。全面了解针对非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)的抗体反应和发现保护性抗原是疫苗开发的基础。本研究构建了ASFV蛋白质组芯片,分析了针对160种病毒蛋白的抗体反应,建立了具有动态特征的ASFV抗体谱。蛋白质组芯片为了解非洲猪瘟的免疫学和致病性提供了一个高通量平台,并将有助于非洲猪瘟疫苗的开发和诊断。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Virology
Journal of Virology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
7.40%
发文量
906
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Virology (JVI) explores the nature of the viruses of animals, archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and protozoa. We welcome papers on virion structure and assembly, viral genome replication and regulation of gene expression, genetic diversity and evolution, virus-cell interactions, cellular responses to infection, transformation and oncogenesis, gene delivery, viral pathogenesis and immunity, and vaccines and antiviral agents.
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