Temporal transcriptome analysis of head kidney revealed protective cellular immunity in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) immunized with inactivated Edwardsiella piscicida.

IF 3.5
Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-08-30 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127613
Xiaoyan Wu, Jing Xing, Xiaoqian Tang, Xiuzhen Sheng, Heng Chi, Wenbin Zhan
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Abstract

Vaccines are effective in preventing infection by pathogens. The inactivated Edwardsiella piscicida vaccine to elicit immune response after vaccination of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) has been shown in previous studies. The molecular mechanism of this protection is yet to be clarified. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to investigate head kidney of flounder on day 7 post-immunization with an inactivated vaccine, as well as on days 1 and 7 following E. piscicida infection, 5 weeks after immunization. Cellular immune responses and histopathology were also studied. The analysis revealed that each library generated an average of 50 million raw reads, with over 99.5 % of them passing quality control, and Q30 values exceeding 92.5 % in every instance. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected were 1257 on day 7 after immunization, and 832 and 1545 on days 1 and 7 after challenge, respectively. These DEGs were mapped to the GO and KEGG databases, revealing their involvement in immune functions such as antigen presentation, cytokine interactions, and cell differentiation. To explore immune-related DEGs linked to vaccine protection, 34 genes were primarily involved in the Toll-like and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways on day 1 post-challenge. Analysis of protein interactions identified ten hub genes (IL6, IL1B, NFKBIA, VCAM1, etc.) involved in immune activation and the initiation of innate responses. 66 DEGs were notably involved in T cell receptor signaling and Th cell differentiation on day 7 post-challenge. Fifteen hub genes (SRC, IL10, JUN, CD28, etc.) were closely associated with cellular immune response and differentiation. On day 7 post-challenge, the vaccine group exhibited a notable increase in CD4+ cells. Flounder had low E. piscicida loads in the head kidney after challenge. Responses of multiple signaling pathways and differentiation of T cells provide protection after pathogen infection. The study enhances the understanding of the vaccine's immune protection mechanism.

头肾时间转录组分析显示,经灭活的鱼用爱德华氏菌免疫后,牙鲆(parichthys olivaceus)产生保护性细胞免疫。
疫苗在预防病原体感染方面是有效的。灭活的鱼腥味爱德华氏菌疫苗在接种比目鱼后可引起免疫应答,这在以往的研究中已得到证实。这种保护的分子机制尚不清楚。采用转录组测序法对灭活疫苗免疫后第7天,以及免疫后第5周感染鱼母绦虫后第1天和第7天的比目鱼头肾进行了研究。细胞免疫反应和组织病理学也进行了研究。分析显示,每个图书馆平均生成5000万份原始阅读,其中99.5%以上通过了质量控制,Q30值在每个实例中都超过了92.5%。免疫后第7天检测到1257个差异表达基因(deg),攻毒后第1天和第7天分别检测到832和1545个差异表达基因(deg)。这些deg被映射到GO和KEGG数据库中,揭示了它们参与免疫功能,如抗原呈递、细胞因子相互作用和细胞分化。为了探索与疫苗保护相关的免疫相关deg,在攻击后第1天,34个基因主要参与toll样和nod样受体信号通路。蛋白相互作用分析鉴定出10个中枢基因(IL6、IL1B、NFKBIA、VCAM1等)参与免疫激活和先天应答的启动。66 deg在诱导后第7天显著参与T细胞受体信号传导和Th细胞分化。15个中枢基因(SRC、IL10、JUN、CD28等)与细胞免疫应答和分化密切相关。免疫后第7天,疫苗组CD4+细胞显著增加。攻毒后,比目鱼头部肾脏中淡毒梭菌负荷较低。多种信号通路的反应和T细胞的分化在病原体感染后提供保护。该研究增强了对疫苗免疫保护机制的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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