Five-factor personality traits in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1093/ijnp/pyaf060

Mayuka Hashimoto, Kazutaka Ohi, Daisuke Fujikane, Kentaro Takai, Ayumi Kuramitsu, Yukimasa Muto, Shunsuke Sugiyama, Toshiki Shioiri

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Abstract

Background: Personality traits play crucial roles in the onset, manifestation, and course of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD). Previous meta-analyses focusing on NEO personality traits in patients with schizophrenia and BD revealed distinct differences in specific personality traits between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and between patients with BD and healthy controls. However, direct comparisons of personality profiles between schizophrenia patients and BD patients have been limited, with existing studies often limited by relatively small sample sizes.

Methods: Two online databases (PubMed and Scopus) were searched systematically to identify relevant articles, including publications up to April 2024. A meta-analysis of five personality traits, namely, neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), openness (O), agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C), assessed by the NEO five-factor inventory, was performed in seven cohorts, including our patient samples, consisting of 768 patients with schizophrenia and 555 patients with BD.

Results: There was no significant heterogeneity in the five personality traits among the seven studies (I2 = 0-53.8, P > .05), except for C (I2 = 77.1, P = 5.65 × 10-4). Our meta-analyses revealed significant differences in three personality traits (E, O, and A) between patients with schizophrenia and patients with BD (E: Hedges' g = -0.40, P = 1.34 × 10-11; O: g = -0.22, P = 1.76 × 10-4; and A: g = -0.24, P = 3.73 × 10-5). Patients with schizophrenia had lower scores on E, O, and A than those with BD did. No significant differences in the other two traits, N and C, were observed between the groups (P > .05).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that schizophrenia patients and BD patients have distinct personality profiles and that schizophrenia patients have more pronounced personality profiles than BD do, despite their overlapping symptoms and genetic predispositions.

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精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的五因素人格特征：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：人格特征在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍（BD）的发病、表现和病程中起着至关重要的作用。先前针对精神分裂症和双相障碍患者NEO人格特征的荟萃分析显示，精神分裂症患者与健康对照组、双相障碍患者与健康对照组在特定人格特征上存在显著差异。然而，直接比较精神分裂症患者和双相障碍患者的性格特征是有限的，现有的研究往往受限于相对较小的样本量。方法：系统检索PubMed和Scopus两个在线数据库，检索截至2024年4月的相关文章。采用NEO五因素量表（NEO- ffi）对768例精神分裂症患者和555例抑郁症患者的神经质(N)、外向性(E)、开放性(O)、宜人性(A)和尽责性(C)五种人格特征进行meta分析。结果：7个研究中，除C组（I2=77.1, p=5.65×10-4）外，其他5种人格特征间均无显著异质性（I2=0-53.8, p= 0.05）。我们的荟萃分析显示，精神分裂症患者和双相障碍患者在三项人格特征（E、O和A）上存在显著差异(E: Hedges’g=-0.40, p=1.34×10-11；g=-0.22, p=1.76×10-4；A: g=-0.24, p=3.73×10-5)。精神分裂症患者的E、O和A得分低于双相障碍患者。其他性状N、C组间差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，精神分裂症患者和双相障碍患者具有不同的人格特征，尽管精神分裂症患者的症状和遗传易感性重叠，但他们的人格特征比双相障碍患者更明显。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

230

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The central focus of the journal is on research that advances understanding of existing and new neuropsychopharmacological agents including their mode of action and clinical application or provides insights into the biological basis of psychiatric disorders and thereby advances their pharmacological treatment. Such research may derive from the full spectrum of biological and psychological fields of inquiry encompassing classical and novel techniques in neuropsychopharmacology as well as strategies such as neuroimaging, genetics, psychoneuroendocrinology and neuropsychology.