Factores asociados a la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con vasculitis asociada a anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos: datos de la Almenara Vasculitis Cohort

Abstract

Objective

To determine the factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Methodology

An observational, analytical, retrospective study was conducted using a convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained from the Almenara Vasculitis Cohort during the period from December 2022 to December 2023. Sociodemographic and disease-related features were obtained using a data collection form. Disease activity, damage accrual, and HRQoL were assessed using the BVASv3, VDI, and SF-36 questionnaires, respectively. Cross-sectional univariable and multivariable linear regression models were performed. Multivariate models were generated using a backward selection procedure with an alpha to stay in the model of 0.05.

Results

Fifty-five patients were evaluated; 41 (74.6%) of them were female. Their mean age and disease duration were 58.7 (13.5) and 5.8 (5.2) years, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, low socioeconomic status, older age, and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate were associated with worse HRQoL. Conversely, male sex, have a diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, have an employment, and the use of immunosuppressive drugs other than cyclophosphamide or rituximab were associated with better HRQoL.

Conclusions

In our study, male sex, have an employment, the eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis subtype, and treatment with immunosuppressive drugs other than rituximab and cyclophosphamide were associated with better HRQoL. Meanwhile, older age, low socioeconomic status, and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels were associated with worse HRQoL.