A Review of Water-Soluble Ions in Natural Dust Particles Over East Asia: Abundance, Spatial Distributions, and Implications

Wenshuai Li, Yang Zhou*, Weihang Zhang, Donghui Liu, Tafeng Hu, Feng Wu, Hong Geng and Daizhou Zhang*, 
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Abstract

Mineral dust from deserts is a major natural aerosol type, significantly influenced by water-soluble ions (WSIs). These ions modulate the dust’s radiative properties and its contribution to the deposition of bioavailable nutrients, thereby shaping regional and global climate processes as well as marine ecosystem dynamics. This review synthesizes current research on the variations of major WSIs in dust particles transported from desert regions to downstream marine areas over East Asia. In source regions and adjacent areas, WSIs typically account for 4% to 14% of dust mass, dominated by mineral salts including SO42–, Cl, Na+, and Ca2+. As dust moves into the populated areas of northern China, the WSIs is still dominated by mineral sources, while substantial secondary SO42–, NO3 and NH4+ can be observed particularly in reversely transported dust plumes. In the coastal areas of eastern China, similar trends are observed, with additional sea salt contributions under marine air influence. When dust plumes reach Korea and Japan, dust particles often have higher proportions of SO42– and NO3, mixed with sea salt, with WSIs in fine particles sometimes exceeding 30% of the mass. These changes of WSIs in Asian dust particles during their long-distance transport highlight the dynamic physicochemical properties of dust aerosols, their climatic and environmental effects, as well as the accompanying health risks. The review concludes with a discussion of key research challenges in quantifying WSIs in long-distance transporting Asian dust and understanding their implications.

Abstract Image

东亚地区天然粉尘中水溶性离子的丰度、空间分布及其意义
来自沙漠的矿物粉尘是一种主要的天然气溶胶类型,受水溶性离子(wsi)的影响显著。这些离子调节粉尘的辐射特性及其对生物可利用营养物质沉积的贡献,从而塑造区域和全球气候过程以及海洋生态系统动态。本文综述了目前东亚地区从沙漠地区向下游海域输送的沙尘颗粒主要wsi变化的研究。在源区和邻近地区,wsi通常占粉尘质量的4%至14%,主要是矿物盐,包括SO42 -, Cl -, Na+和Ca2+。当扬尘进入中国北方人口稠密地区时,wsi仍然以矿物源为主,而大量的次生SO42 -、NO3 -和NH4+在反向输送的扬尘羽中可以观测到。在中国东部沿海地区,观测到类似的趋势,在海洋空气的影响下有额外的海盐贡献。当沙尘到达韩国和日本时,沙尘颗粒通常含有较高比例的SO42 -和NO3 -,并与海盐混合,细颗粒中的wsi有时超过质量的30%。亚洲沙尘颗粒在长途运输过程中wsi的变化凸显了沙尘气溶胶的动态物理化学性质、气候和环境效应以及伴随的健康风险。本文最后讨论了量化亚洲沙尘长途运输中wsi的主要研究挑战及其意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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