Efficient Mitigation of Dilute Methane, Ammonia, and Odor in Ventilation Air from Cow and Pig Barns and a Biogas Plant: Photoreactor Field Demonstration

Morten Krogsbøll*, Mohsen Rezaei, Nickie Fogde, Noah D. Weiss, Hugo S. Russell, Anders Feilberg and Matthew S. Johnson*, 
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Abstract

There are significant climate and environmental benefits to mitigating the environmental impacts of livestock and biogas production. Methane is a strong greenhouse gas that leads to global warming, ammonia emissions pollute groundwater and break down forming N2O, and odor is a serious local problem that is often regulated. There is a growing focus on reducing global methane emissions, including public pledges by governments and food companies. Although some solutions exist for ammonia and odor removal, no scalable method effectively treats methane from dilute sources, including enteric fermentation, or integrates the mitigation of all three pollutants. It was found that the Methane Eradication Photochemical System, utilizing UV-light, low levels of chlorine gas produced on-site from salt water, and a NaOH scrubber, could remove 98%, 94%, and 80% of methane, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide, respectively, from the air in a pig barn. One test showed 73% removal efficiency at 33 ppm of methane with a specific power input of 0.68 kW h/gCH4 and a quantum yield of 1.06%. This work demonstrates an important step in developing scalable technology for eradicating low concentration methane sources from agriculture and shows that there is still significant room for further efficiency gains.

Abstract Image

有效减少牛舍、猪舍和沼气厂通风空气中的稀甲烷、氨和气味:光反应器现场演示
减轻畜牧业和沼气生产对环境的影响具有显著的气候和环境效益。甲烷是一种导致全球变暖的强温室气体,氨排放污染地下水并分解形成一氧化二氮,气味是一个严重的地方问题,经常受到监管。人们越来越关注减少全球甲烷排放,包括政府和食品公司的公开承诺。虽然存在一些去除氨和气味的解决方案,但没有一种可扩展的方法可以有效地处理来自稀释源的甲烷,包括肠内发酵,或者综合减少所有三种污染物。研究发现,利用紫外线、现场从盐水中产生的低水平氯气和NaOH洗涤器,甲烷根除光化学系统可以分别从猪舍空气中去除98%、94%和80%的甲烷、氨和硫化氢。一项试验表明,在33 ppm甲烷浓度下,比功率输入为0.68 kW h/gCH4,脱除效率为73%,量子产率为1.06%。这项工作表明,在开发可扩展技术以消除农业低浓度甲烷来源方面迈出了重要一步,并表明进一步提高效率仍有很大的空间。
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