{"title":"Association between autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) therapy, molecular pathological markers, and survival outcomes in glioblastoma.","authors":"Shunichi Koriyama, Yoshihiro Muragaki, Masayuki Nitta, Takashi Maruyama, Taiichi Saito, Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Buntou Ro, Takashi Komori, Kenta Masui, Takakazu Kawamata","doi":"10.1007/s10014-025-00507-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression, high recurrence rates, and resistance to standard therapies. Current treatment modalities provide limited survival benefits, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy of autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) in 375 patients with newly diagnosed GBM. Patients receiving AFTV therapy (n = 164) showed significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS; 14.0 months vs. 8.7 months, p = 0.03) and overall survival (OS; 32.0 months vs. 21.9 months, p < 0.01) compared with the non-AFTV group (n = 211). Subgroup analyses revealed that AFTV therapy was particularly effective in patients with wild-type IDH tumors and those negative for PD-L1 and p53 expression. In contrast, patients whose tumors were positive for both PD-L1 and p53 exhibited significantly poorer outcomes. These findings suggest that the combination of PD-L1 and p53 status may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting AFTV responsiveness, reflecting the influence of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment on treatment efficacy. These findings establish AFTV as a promising treatment option for GBM and highlight the importance of molecular profiling in treatment selection. Future studies should explore combining AFTV with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance efficacy in PD-L1-positive cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9226,"journal":{"name":"Brain Tumor Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"76-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408717/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brain Tumor Pathology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10014-025-00507-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/7 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression, high recurrence rates, and resistance to standard therapies. Current treatment modalities provide limited survival benefits, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy of autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) in 375 patients with newly diagnosed GBM. Patients receiving AFTV therapy (n = 164) showed significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS; 14.0 months vs. 8.7 months, p = 0.03) and overall survival (OS; 32.0 months vs. 21.9 months, p < 0.01) compared with the non-AFTV group (n = 211). Subgroup analyses revealed that AFTV therapy was particularly effective in patients with wild-type IDH tumors and those negative for PD-L1 and p53 expression. In contrast, patients whose tumors were positive for both PD-L1 and p53 exhibited significantly poorer outcomes. These findings suggest that the combination of PD-L1 and p53 status may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting AFTV responsiveness, reflecting the influence of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment on treatment efficacy. These findings establish AFTV as a promising treatment option for GBM and highlight the importance of molecular profiling in treatment selection. Future studies should explore combining AFTV with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance efficacy in PD-L1-positive cases.
期刊介绍:
Brain Tumor Pathology is the official journal of the Japan Society of Brain Tumor Pathology. This international journal documents the latest research and topical debate in all clinical and experimental fields relating to brain tumors, especially brain tumor pathology. The journal has been published since 1983 and has been recognized worldwide as a unique journal of high quality. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts from any country. Membership in the society is not a prerequisite for submission. The journal publishes original articles, case reports, rapid short communications, instructional lectures, review articles, letters to the editor, and topics.Review articles and Topics may be recommended at the annual meeting of the Japan Society of Brain Tumor Pathology. All contributions should be aimed at promoting international scientific collaboration.