Exercise as Medicine for Addiction Recovery.

Abstract

Abstract: In 2022, 48.7 million U.S. individuals aged 12+ reported problematic substance use with only 4.6% of those needing treatment successfully accessing it. Addiction recovery is a nonlinear journey requiring transformative behavior change, and exercise can support that process, providing empowerment and connectedness. We reviewed the role of exercise in recovery from substance use within and outside of formal treatment. Various forms of exercise (e.g., aerobic, muscle strengthening, outdoor, mind-body, etc.) provide important mental, physical, and social benefits integral to sustaining recovery and supporting long-term well-being. More research exists for formal treatment settings, although the availability of community-based exercise programs and recovery supports are increasing. Recommendations include greater integration of people in addiction recovery into exercise programs, developing inclusive and supportive exercise communities that directly address stigma, and exploring benefits of more diverse forms of exercise. Exercise is medicine for addiction recovery, and a paradigm shift toward holistic health and well-being is required.