Research on the characteristics of gut microbiota in overweight patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes Investigation Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI:10.1111/jdi.70074

Ke Huang, Leilei Ma, Shousen Shi, Xi Wang, Sheng Jiang, Yanfang Zhang

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Abstract

Background

Early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (EOD), defined as a metabolic disorder diagnosed before the age of 40, with higher risks of complications, vascular events, and mortality, poses a significant threat to public health. Its prevalence has risen markedly in overweight populations in recent years, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Emerging evidence highlights a close association between gut microbiota (GM) and metabolic disorders, suggesting that modulating gut microbial dysbiosis may serve as a potential strategy for preventing and managing overweight EOD.

Methods

In this study, we enrolled 30 overweight EOD patients and 30 healthy controls, analyzing their GM profiles and correlations using physicochemical clinical parameters and fecal metabolites.

Results

The results demonstrated significant differences in GM composition between overweight EOD patients and healthy controls. EOD patients exhibited increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. At the genus level, Bilophila, Serratia, Lachnospira, and Parabacteroides were enriched in EOD patients, while taxa, such as Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcaceae, and Clostridia_UCG-014, showed significant depletion. Correlation analyses revealed that Clostridia_UCG-014 abundance was negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.05), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (P < 0.05), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (P < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P < 0.05), and triglycerides (TG) (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Conversely, Bilophila abundance displayed positive correlations with BMI (P < 0.05), WHtR (P < 0.05), FPG (P < 0.05), LDL-C (P < 0.05), and TG (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, biofilm formation (Escherichia coli), nitrogen metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, beta-lactam resistance, drug metabolism (other enzymes), glycerolipid metabolism and sucrose metabolism showed decreases in overweight EOD patients, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

These results indicate that Bilophila and Clostridia_UCG-014 may serve as microbial biomarkers for the identification of obesity-related EOD.

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超重合并早发型2型糖尿病患者肠道菌群特征的研究

背景：早发性2型糖尿病（EOD）定义为40岁前诊断出的代谢紊乱，具有较高的并发症、血管事件和死亡率，对公众健康构成重大威胁。近年来，其患病率在超重人群中显著上升，但其潜在机制仍难以捉摸。新出现的证据强调了肠道微生物群（GM）与代谢紊乱之间的密切联系，表明调节肠道微生物生态失调可能是预防和管理超重EOD的潜在策略。方法：在本研究中，我们招募了30名超重EOD患者和30名健康对照者，通过理化临床参数和粪便代谢物分析他们的GM谱及其相关性。结果：结果显示超重EOD患者与健康对照者的GM组成有显著差异。EOD患者在门水平上表现出厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例增加。在属水平上，大肠杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、毛螺旋菌属和副杆菌属在EOD患者中富集，而Faecalibacterium、Ruminococcaceae和Clostridia_UCG-014等分类群明显减少。相关分析显示Clostridia_UCG-014丰度与身体质量指数（BMI）呈负相关(P)。结论：这些结果提示Bilophila和Clostridia_UCG-014可能作为鉴定肥胖相关EOD的微生物生物标志物。

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来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes Investigation ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

9.40%

发文量

218

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes Investigation is your core diabetes journal from Asia; the official journal of the Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD). The journal publishes original research, country reports, commentaries, reviews, mini-reviews, case reports, letters, as well as editorials and news. Embracing clinical and experimental research in diabetes and related areas, the Journal of Diabetes Investigation includes aspects of prevention, treatment, as well as molecular aspects and pathophysiology. Translational research focused on the exchange of ideas between clinicians and researchers is also welcome. Journal of Diabetes Investigation is indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE).