A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Using mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases other than COVID-19.

IF 4.6 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
British Journal of Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2025-07-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/bjbs.2025.14557
Athina Sofroniou, Anna Ridley
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Although mRNA-based vaccines have been in development for over two decades, their widespread use only emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The success of these vaccines has brought mRNA technology to the forefront of efforts to develop novel vaccines. However, as this is a rapidly evolving field, there is a need for a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the current evidence base to guide further research and development. This study, therefore, systematically reviewed the literature on clinical trials using mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases other than COVID-19.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, identified clinical trials in infectious diseases other than COVID-19. PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were screened for such clinical trials using search terms related to mRNA vaccines, and the results of the two independent searches were combined. Clinical trials using mRNA vaccines against either COVID-19 or non-communicable diseases were removed, as were duplicated studies. The remaining clinical trials were then stratified based on pathogen, status, and phase.

Results: Nine hundred and seventy-six clinical trials were identified, of which 83 met the inclusion criteria. These included candidate mRNA vaccines against 14 viral, two bacterial and one protozoan infection. Of these, 43 trials have concluded, 21 are active, and a further 12 are recruiting, with the remaining not yet recruiting, enrolling by invitation, or withdrawn. Of the 43 completed clinical trials, 26 were phase I trials, eight were phase I/II trials, three were phase II trials, and six were phase III trials. The clinical trials captured in this systematic review included combined vaccines, with two or more vaccines administered at the same time, and mRNA vaccines designed to encode pathogen structural components, in addition to pathogen-specific antibodies.

Conclusion: This systematic review identified clinical trials investigating mRNA vaccine candidates against multiple infectious diseases, other than COVID-19, with the majority targeting viral infections. Despite the lack of long-term data, this systematic review suggests that these mRNA vaccine candidates are safe and effective with the potential to shape the field of preventive medicine. Beyond the prevention of infectious diseases, mRNA vaccines are showing promise against cancer and potential applications in autoimmune and other diseases.

Abstract Image

使用mRNA疫苗治疗非COVID-19传染病临床试验的系统综述
背景:尽管基于mrna的疫苗已经开发了20多年,但它们的广泛使用仅在COVID-19大流行期间出现。这些疫苗的成功使mRNA技术成为开发新型疫苗的前沿技术。然而,由于这是一个快速发展的领域,需要对现有证据基础进行全面和最新的概述,以指导进一步的研究和发展。因此,本研究系统地回顾了mRNA疫苗用于COVID-19以外传染病的临床试验文献。方法:根据PRISMA 2020指南对文献进行系统综述,确定了COVID-19以外传染病的临床试验。PubMed和ClinicalTrials.gov使用与mRNA疫苗相关的搜索词筛选此类临床试验,并将两个独立搜索的结果结合起来。使用mRNA疫苗预防COVID-19或非传染性疾病的临床试验被取消,重复研究也被取消。然后根据病原体、状态和阶段对剩余的临床试验进行分层。结果:共纳入976项临床试验,其中83项符合纳入标准。其中包括针对14种病毒、两种细菌和一种原生动物感染的候选mRNA疫苗。其中,43项试验已经结束,21项正在进行,另有12项正在招募,其余的尚未招募、邀请入组或退出。在完成的43项临床试验中,26项为I期试验,8项为I/II期试验,3项为II期试验,6项为III期试验。本系统综述中收录的临床试验包括联合疫苗,即同时接种两种或两种以上疫苗,以及除了病原体特异性抗体外,设计用于编码病原体结构成分的mRNA疫苗。结论:本系统综述确定了针对多种传染病(COVID-19除外)mRNA候选疫苗的临床试验,其中大多数针对病毒感染。尽管缺乏长期数据,但本系统综述表明,这些mRNA候选疫苗是安全有效的,具有塑造预防医学领域的潜力。除了预防传染病外,mRNA疫苗还显示出抗癌的希望,并有可能应用于自身免疫性疾病和其他疾病。
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来源期刊
British Journal of Biomedical Science
British Journal of Biomedical Science 医学-医学实验技术
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
15.80%
发文量
29
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The British Journal of Biomedical Science is committed to publishing high quality original research that represents a clear advance in the practice of biomedical science, and reviews that summarise recent advances in the field of biomedical science. The overall aim of the Journal is to provide a platform for the dissemination of new and innovative information on the diagnosis and management of disease that is valuable to the practicing laboratory scientist.
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