International round robin onion irradiation of alloy T91 and comparison with neutron irradiation

IF 3.2 2区工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Nuclear Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2025.156065

G.S. Was , C. Cabet , C. Kaden , M.H. Mayoral , C. Pareige , D. Bhattacharyya , C. David , C. Hardie , D. Terentyev , W. Weber , T. Wei , F. Naab , V. Pauly , I. Swainson , M.S. Veshchunov

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Abstract

An international collaboration was established as a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) under the IAEA and entitled Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects-II (SMoRE-II). It was created to determine, by way of a Round Robin process, the degree to which ion irradiations produced the same irradiated microstructure when conducted in different labs on the same alloy and provided with the same irradiation protocol. The Round Robin consisted of 13 participating organizations from 9 IAEA member states with ion irradiations conducted at all CRP partner sites on samples of a single alloy (T91) from a single billet with the same thermal-mechanical history, and with a specific protocol for conducting the irradiations. Of the 14 parameters specified for the ion irradiations, only 1 of 12 facilities was able to follow the protocol exactly. Major differences included vacuum pressure, temperature measurement and control, beam mode (raster-scanning vs. steady beam), and dosimetry. The microstructure features characterized were the sizes and number densities of cavities, dislocation loops, precipitates, and the radiation induced segregation. While loop size and number density appeared to correlate with carbon content, no such correlation was identified for cavities. The divergence from the irradiation protocol undoubtedly affected the irradiated microstructure with carbon contamination occurring in most cases. The cavity, dislocation loop and precipitate microstructures all fell within the range of that in the literature. Additionally, a T91 sample that was irradiated to 47 dpa at 376°C in the BOR-60 reactor was selected for comparison of the microstructure to those in the Round Robin study.

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T91合金的国际圆形洋葱辐照及其与中子辐照的比较

设立了一个国际合作项目，作为原子能机构下的一个协调研究项目，题为辐射效应加速器模拟和理论模型- ii。它的创建是为了确定，通过循环过程，在不同的实验室对同一合金进行相同的辐照方案时，离子辐照产生相同辐照微观结构的程度。该轮由来自9个原子能机构成员国的13个参与组织组成，在所有CRP伙伴地点对来自具有相同热机械历史的单一钢坯的单一合金（T91）样品进行离子辐照，并有进行辐照的具体方案。在为离子辐照指定的14个参数中，12个设施中只有1个能够完全遵循协议。主要的区别包括真空压力、温度测量和控制、光束模式（光栅扫描vs.稳定光束）和剂量测定。显微组织主要表现为空洞、位错环、析出相和辐射偏析的大小和密度。虽然环的大小和数量密度似乎与碳含量相关，但没有发现这种相关性。与辐照方案的偏离无疑会影响辐照后的微观结构，在大多数情况下会发生碳污染。空洞、位错环和析出相组织均在文献范围内。此外，选择在BOR-60反应器中以376°C照射到47 dpa的T91样品与Round Robin研究中的样品进行微观结构比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nuclear Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

25.80%

发文量

601

审稿时长

63 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Nuclear Materials publishes high quality papers in materials research for nuclear applications, primarily fission reactors, fusion reactors, and similar environments including radiation areas of charged particle accelerators. Both original research and critical review papers covering experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects of either fundamental or applied nature are welcome. The breadth of the field is such that a wide range of processes and properties in the field of materials science and engineering is of interest to the readership, spanning atom-scale processes, microstructures, thermodynamics, mechanical properties, physical properties, and corrosion, for example. Topics covered by JNM Fission reactor materials, including fuels, cladding, core structures, pressure vessels, coolant interactions with materials, moderator and control components, fission product behavior. Materials aspects of the entire fuel cycle. Materials aspects of the actinides and their compounds. Performance of nuclear waste materials; materials aspects of the immobilization of wastes. Fusion reactor materials, including first walls, blankets, insulators and magnets. Neutron and charged particle radiation effects in materials, including defects, transmutations, microstructures, phase changes and macroscopic properties. Interaction of plasmas, ion beams, electron beams and electromagnetic radiation with materials relevant to nuclear systems.