Meta-analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes of cannabis use in pregnancy current to March 2024.

Katelyn Sainz, Hollie Ulibarri, Amanda Arroyo, Daniela Gonzalez Herrera, Brooke Hamilton, Kate Ruffley, McKenna Robinson, Greg J Marchand
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Abstract

Importance: Following expansive legalization of cannabis in many parts of the United States, cannabis use in pregnancy has increased several fold. There is a pressing need to understand the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with this exposure.

Objective: To quantify the maternal and neonatal outcomes of mothers using cannabis during pregnancy.

Data sources: We searched five databases for all relevant observational studies, from each database's inception until March 1st 2024.

Study selection: Two reviewers separately screened the studies in duplicate. Our initial search yielded 5184 studies, of which 51 (0.98%) were included in our qualitative synthesis.

Data extraction and synthesis: Our study adhered to PRISMA guidelines and independent extraction by two researchers was utilized. We used a 95% confidence interval and the random effects model, as there was significant heterogeneity between studies.

Results: The 51 included studies yielded a total population of 7,920,383 pregnant women. Cannabis consumption was associated with increased risks of low birth weight (RR = 1.69,95% CI = (1.34,2.14),P < 0.0001), small for gestational age (RR = 1.79,95% CI = (1.52, 2.1),P < 0.00001), major anomalies (RR = 1.81,95% CI = (1.48, 2.23),P < 0.00001), decreased head circumference (MD = -0.34,95% CI = (-0.57,-0.11),P = 0.004), birth weight (MD = -177.81,95% CI = (-224.72,-130.91),P < 0.00001), birth length (MD = -0.87,95% CI = (-1.15,-0.59),P < 0.00001), gestational age (MD = -0.21,95% CI = (-0.35,-0.08),P = 0.002), NICU admission (RR = 1.55,95% CI = (1.36,1.78),P < 0.00001), perinatal mortality (RR = 1.72,95% CI = (1.09,2.71),P = 0.02), and preterm delivery (RR = 1.39,95% CI = (1.23,1.56),P < 0.00001). Cannabis use was also associated with a decreased risk of gestational diabetes in pregnancy (RR = 0.64,95% CI = (0.55,0.75),P < 0.00001).

Conclusions: Inclusion of the latest published data continues to show worse maternal and neonatal outcomes for mothers using cannabis in pregnancy.

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截至2024年3月孕妇使用大麻的孕产妇和新生儿结局荟萃分析
重要性:随着大麻在美国许多地区广泛合法化,怀孕期间使用大麻的人数增加了几倍。迫切需要了解与这种接触有关的孕产妇和新生儿结局。目的:量化怀孕期间使用大麻的母亲的孕产妇和新生儿结局。数据来源:我们检索了5个数据库,从每个数据库的建立到2024年3月1日,检索了所有相关的观察性研究。研究选择:两位审稿人分别筛选了重复的研究。我们最初的检索得到5184项研究,其中51项(0.98%)纳入我们的定性综合。数据提取与合成:本研究遵循PRISMA指南,采用两位研究者独立提取。我们使用95%的置信区间和随机效应模型,因为研究之间存在显著的异质性。结果:51项纳入的研究共产生了7,920,383名孕妇。大麻消费与低出生体重风险增加相关(RR = 1.69,95% CI =(1.34,2.14))。结论:纳入最新公布的数据继续显示,怀孕期间使用大麻的母亲的孕产妇和新生儿结局更差。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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