Sun protection

Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.) Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI:10.1016/j.mpmed.2025.05.005

Robert Sarkany

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

About 5% of sunlight is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV causes gene mutations in skin cells, and is the main cause of all forms of skin cancer. Sun protection is crucial for people at high risk of malignant melanoma: those with fair skin, who are moley or have a family history of melanoma. It is required in patients at risk of squamous and basal cell skin cancers, and is vital in patients with photosensitivity. There is no agreement about how much sun protection is advisable for healthy adults at low risk of skin cancer. Protecting against UV in sunlight involves a set of behaviours: avoiding the hottest part of the day, wearing a hat and long sleeves, and wearing sunscreen. Sunscreens contain chemicals that absorb UV. The ‘sun protection factor’ (SPF) measures a sunscreen's effectiveness at protecting against sunburn. Protection in real life is less than the SPF predicts because people apply sunscreens thinly. Individuals are resistant to changing their behaviour for better photoprotection, even when advised to after having had a malignant melanoma. This is an example of the ‘non-adherence’ to medical advice that is a major barrier to good health outcomes in all branches of medicine.

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防晒

大约5%的阳光是紫外线辐射。紫外线会引起皮肤细胞的基因突变，是各种皮肤癌的主要原因。防晒对恶性黑色素瘤高风险人群至关重要：那些皮肤白皙、有痣或有黑色素瘤家族史的人。对于有鳞状和基底细胞皮肤癌风险的患者是必需的，对于光敏性患者也是至关重要的。对于低患皮肤癌风险的健康成年人来说，防晒多少为宜，目前尚无定论。在阳光下抵御紫外线包括一系列行为：避免在一天中最热的时候，戴帽子和长袖，并涂防晒霜。防晒霜含有吸收紫外线的化学物质。“防晒系数”（SPF）衡量的是防晒霜防止晒伤的有效性。在现实生活中，由于人们涂得很薄，防晒效果不如预期的那么好。人们不愿意改变自己的行为来更好地保护光线，即使在患了恶性黑色素瘤后也不愿意。这是“不遵守”医疗建议的一个例子，这是所有医学部门取得良好健康结果的主要障碍。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK ed.)

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量