Pregabalin and gabapentin use in France from 2012 to 2023, impact of prescription restrictions, a time series analysis

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

International Journal of Drug Policy Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI:10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104929

Alexandre Michel , Michel Prade , David De Bandt

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Abstract

Introduction

Gabapentinoids use is accompanied by increased misuse, particularly for pregabalin. In May 2021, France introduced secure prescription requirements for pregabalin. This paper aims to analyse variations in gabapentinoid dispensing, with a focus on changes in prescription rules.

Materiel and method

We performed an ecological study using the French national health insurance database from January 2012 to December 2023. We analysed pregabalin and gabapentin doses sold by city pharmacies expressed in monthly defined daily dose per thousand inhabitant a day (DDD/TID) between January 2012 and December 2023. Dose sales trends before and after May 2021 were compared using segmented analysis of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models. Descriptive analysis was performed to analyse associated expenses expressed in euros.

Results

Between 2012 and 2020, pregabalin doses sold rose from 3.228 DDD/TID to 4.908 DDD/TID. After the reform, they declined to 3.923 DDD/TID in 2023. Gabapentin doses sold increased from 1.042 DDD/TID to 1.257 DDD/TID between 2012 and 2020, then rose further post-reform, reaching 1.705 DDD/TID. Costs related to the pregabalin doses sold decreased from €132.47 to €51.36 million from 2012 to 2023. Costs related to gabapentin decrease from €32.31 to €26.84 million between 2012 and 2021, then increase to €37.70 million in 2023.

Discussion

These data suggest that the May 2021 reform has reduced pregabalin consumption and induced an increase of gabapentin use. Cost implications remain of difficult interpretation due to multiple confounding factors. Further research could clarify these trends and be used to optimize prescription practices.

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2012年至2023年普瑞巴林和加巴喷丁在法国的使用，处方限制的影响，时间序列分析

abapentinoids的使用伴随着误用的增加，尤其是普瑞巴林。2021年5月，法国引入了普瑞巴林的安全处方要求。本文旨在分析加巴喷丁类药物配药的变化，重点是处方规则的变化。材料和方法2012年1月至2023年12月，我们使用法国国家健康保险数据库进行了一项生态研究。我们分析了2012年1月至2023年12月期间城市药店销售的普瑞巴林和加巴喷丁的月限定日剂量（DDD/TID）。使用自回归综合移动平均模型的分段分析比较了2021年5月前后的剂量销售趋势。对以欧元表示的相关费用进行描述性分析。结果2012 - 2020年普瑞巴林销售剂量由3.228 DDD/TID上升至4.908 DDD/TID。改革后，2023年下降到3.923 DDD/TID。加巴喷丁销售剂量从2012年的1.042 DDD/TID增加到2020年的1.257 DDD/TID，改革后进一步上升，达到1.705 DDD/TID。从2012年到2023年，与普瑞巴林剂量销售相关的成本从1324.47欧元降至5136万欧元。与加巴喷丁相关的成本在2012年至2021年间从3231欧元下降到2684万欧元，然后在2023年增加到3770万欧元。这些数据表明，2021年5月的改革减少了普瑞巴林的消费量，并导致加巴喷丁使用量的增加。由于多种混杂因素，成本影响仍然难以解释。进一步的研究可以澄清这些趋势，并用于优化处方实践。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Drug Policy SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

11.40%

发文量

307

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Drug Policy provides a forum for the dissemination of current research, reviews, debate, and critical analysis on drug use and drug policy in a global context. It seeks to publish material on the social, political, legal, and health contexts of psychoactive substance use, both licit and illicit. The journal is particularly concerned to explore the effects of drug policy and practice on drug-using behaviour and its health and social consequences. It is the policy of the journal to represent a wide range of material on drug-related matters from around the world.