Patient Perception of Care

Abstract

Aim

Singapore’s healthcare system faces challenges from aging demographics and cultural diversity, with 1 in 4 Singaporeans expected to be aged 65+ by 2030. Cultural beliefs influence trust, decision-making, and treatment adherence, shaping patient expectations. This study explores how cultural and generational factors impact outpatient experiences, comparing Asian and Western perspectives.

Methods

A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative data. An online survey, distributed from July 2024 to January 2025, gathered responses from 160 participants (80 Singaporeans and 80 from Australia, the UK, and New Zealand), aged 20–80, who had recent outpatient treatment. Purposive sampling ensured cultural diversity. The survey, adapted from established tools like the Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire (PPE-15), assessed patient expectations, healthcare professional qualities, and cultural influences. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and thematic coding.

Results

Of 96 responses, 66 were valid. Western participants exhibited higher trust in doctors but included a subset with total distrust, while Asian participants sought greater involvement in decision-making. Older patients showed the highest confidence in doctors. Privacy and comfort were key concerns, with younger patients emphasizing personal space. Many felt healthcare resources did not significantly improve treatment. Cultural beliefs influenced psychological well-being, with younger and middle-aged groups reporting stronger impacts, while seniors viewed cultural preferences as comforting. Asian participants emphasized psychosocial well-being, whereas Western participants prioritized individual autonomy.

Conclusion

The findings highlight the need for culturally responsive strategies, particularly in patient engagement and environmental design. Effective communication and quality healthcare environments are crucial for patient satisfaction. Future research should explore broader structural influences to provide culturally sensitive care and address barriers to health-seeking behaviors in Singapore’s multicultural society.