Xiao-Jie-An Capsule Alleviates Uterine Fibroids by Modulating Oestrogen–Progesterone Balance and Reducing Inflammatory Response

IF 3.3 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI:10.1111/bcpt.70072

Yi Ying, Jihan Liu, Shanshan Ju, Meiyu Shen, Nannan Li, Yongpan An, Feng Lu, Yiwen Tang, Zhijing Wu, Baoxue Yang, Min Li

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Abstract

Uterine fibroids (UF) are benign tumours composed of smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue. UF are common among women aged 30–50 years and often present with symptoms such as anaemia, pelvic pain and bladder dysfunction. Xiao-Jie-An Capsule (XJA), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been clinically used to treat UF. However, the underlying mechanisms of its efficacy remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of XJA and related mechanisms in a UF rat model. The experimental results showed that XJA significantly alleviated abnormalities in uterine morphology, tissue structure and purulent discharge in the UF rats. XJA also reduced serum oestrogen and progesterone in UF rats. Moreover, XJA decreased blood pro-inflammatory factors in UF rats by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that XJA decreased the expression of Bcl-2, PCNA and Ki67 while increasing the expression of Bax, indicating its role in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Additionally, XJA exhibited immunomodulation in UF rats. In summary, our study suggests that XJA alleviates UF by multiple targets and mechanisms, such as restoring the oestrogen–progesterone balance, reducing inflammation, inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and regulating immune function.

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小洁安胶囊通过调节雌激素-孕激素平衡和减少炎症反应来缓解子宫肌瘤

子宫肌瘤是由平滑肌细胞和纤维结缔组织组成的良性肿瘤。UF常见于30-50岁的女性，通常表现为贫血、盆腔疼痛和膀胱功能障碍等症状。消洁安胶囊（XJA）是一种中药方剂，已被临床用于治疗UF。然而，其功效的潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨XJA对UF大鼠模型的治疗作用及其机制。实验结果显示，XJA可显著缓解UF大鼠子宫形态、组织结构及脓性排出异常。XJA还能降低UF大鼠血清雌激素和黄体酮。此外，XJA通过调节TLR4/NF-κB通路降低UF大鼠血中促炎因子。Western blotting和免疫组化分析显示，XJA降低了Bcl-2、PCNA和Ki67的表达，增加了Bax的表达，表明XJA具有抑制细胞增殖和促进细胞凋亡的作用。此外，XJA在UF大鼠中表现出免疫调节作用。综上所述，本研究提示XJA可通过恢复雌激素-孕酮平衡、减轻炎症、抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡、调节免疫功能等多种靶点和机制缓解UF。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

6.50%

发文量

126

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Basic & Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology is an independent journal, publishing original scientific research in all fields of toxicology, basic and clinical pharmacology. This includes experimental animal pharmacology and toxicology and molecular (-genetic), biochemical and cellular pharmacology and toxicology. It also includes all aspects of clinical pharmacology: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic drug monitoring, drug/drug interactions, pharmacogenetics/-genomics, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, randomized controlled clinical trials and rational pharmacotherapy. For all compounds used in the studies, the chemical constitution and composition should be known, also for natural compounds.