Mohammed M Gad, Ali Alkhathami, Shahad T Alameer, Turki Alshehri, Mohammed Alotaibi, Soban Q Khan, Sultan Akhtar, Yousif A Al-Dulaijan
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the effect of adding Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) on the flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus, and hardness of 3D-printed denture base resins (DBRs).
Materials and methods: A total of 160 bar- and disk-shaped specimens were fabricated from 3D-printed resins (DentaBASE-ASIGA and Denture 3D+-NextDent), incorporating three concentrations of HNTs (0.3%-, 0.6%-, and 0.9%) in addition to one control group without HNTs addition. Specimens were designed to the required dimensions and printed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The printed specimens were finished, polished, and then subjected to thermal cycling (5000 cycles). Flexural properties were measured using the 3-point bending fixture with a universal testing machine, and a Vickers hardness tester was used to assess the hardness. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for fracture surface analysis and HNTs distribution. ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test were used for data analysis (α = 0.05).
Results: Adding HNTs to 3D-printed DBRs increased FS compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Between HNTs-modified groups, 0.6% and 0.9% groups showed a significant increase in FS compared with the 0.3% group, while no significant difference was observed between 0.6% and 0.9% HNTs (p > 0.05). The elastic modulus significantly increased by adding HNTs compared to the control group (p < 0.001), while no significant differences in the elastic modulus were observed between HNTs-modified groups (p > 0.05). SEM analysis revealed a ductile fracture mode for HNTs-modified groups. Compared to the control group, the hardness of 3D-printed resin increased with HNTs addition (p < 0.001). Up to 0.6% HNTs, a significant increase in hardness was reported, while 0.9% significantly decreased the hardness compared with 0.6% HNTs (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between materials per concentration (p > 0.05) when comparing materials.
Conclusion: The FS, elastic modulus, and hardness of 3D-printed resins increased with the addition of HNTs. Regarding HNTs concentrations, 0.3% and 0.6% positively impacted the tested properties and could be recommended as an alternative to pure 3D-printed resins after testing other properties and evaluating the performance of HNTs-3D-printed nanocomposites.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Prosthodontics promotes the advanced study and practice of prosthodontics, implant, esthetic, and reconstructive dentistry. It is the official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists, the American Dental Association-recognized voice of the Specialty of Prosthodontics. The journal publishes evidence-based original scientific articles presenting information that is relevant and useful to prosthodontists. Additionally, it publishes reports of innovative techniques, new instructional methodologies, and instructive clinical reports with an interdisciplinary flair. The journal is particularly focused on promoting the study and use of cutting-edge technology and positioning prosthodontists as the early-adopters of new technology in the dental community.