Energy sanctions in the global economy: Geopolitical disruptions, market fragmentation, innovation and green transition

IF 5.3 Q2 MANAGEMENT
Godspower Oke Omokaro , Zipporah Simiyu Nafula , Nwankwo Evalistus Iloabuchi , Ogheneochuko Shadrack Efeni , Opelopejesu Israel Adeyanju , Oyedele Opeoluwa Janet , Omodot Udim Idiong
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Abstract

Economic sanctions have emerged as critical instruments of geopolitical strategy, with significant ramifications for global energy markets, innovation trajectories, and the transition to sustainable energy systems. This study offers a qualitative synthesis of literature and case studies spanning 2000–2025 to evaluate how sanctions affect major energy producers such as Russia, Iran, and Venezuela. The analysis reveals that sanctions disrupt energy supply chains, restrict access to foreign investment and advanced technologies, and constrain integration into global financial systems. Simultaneously, they trigger adaptive responses, including domestic innovation efforts, clandestine export practices, and new geopolitical alliances. A key finding is the paradox of sanctions in shaping energy transitions. While sender states, particularly in Europe, have accelerated renewable energy adoption to reduce their dependence on sanctioned fossil fuels, target states often experience technological stagnation and entrenched reliance on conventional hydrocarbons. Notably, sanctions have stimulated localized innovation in some contexts, such as Iran's refining technologies and Venezuela's shadow fleet logistics. The study also identifies gaps in current scholarship, especially regarding the long-term governance implications of sanctions, the emergence of parallel energy markets aligned with BRICS and OPEC+, and the uneven global distribution of green investments. By integrating political realism and social constructivism, the research highlights the dual character of sanctions as both coercive instruments and inadvertent catalysts of systemic energy change. These findings call for a more nuanced policy approach that balances geopolitical objectives with sustainable energy security.
全球经济中的能源制裁:地缘政治干扰、市场碎片化、创新和绿色转型
经济制裁已成为地缘政治战略的重要工具,对全球能源市场、创新轨迹和向可持续能源系统的过渡产生了重大影响。本研究对2000-2025年间的文献和案例研究进行了定性综合,以评估制裁对俄罗斯、伊朗和委内瑞拉等主要能源生产国的影响。分析显示,制裁破坏了能源供应链,限制了获得外国投资和先进技术的机会,并限制了融入全球金融体系。同时,它们引发适应性反应,包括国内创新努力、秘密出口行为和新的地缘政治联盟。一个重要的发现是制裁在塑造能源转型方面的悖论。虽然输送国(尤其是欧洲国家)加快了可再生能源的采用,以减少对受制裁的化石燃料的依赖,但输送国往往遭遇技术停滞,对传统碳氢化合物的依赖根深蒂固。值得注意的是,制裁在某些情况下刺激了本地化创新,例如伊朗的炼油技术和委内瑞拉的影子船队物流。该研究还指出了当前学术研究的差距,特别是在制裁对长期治理的影响、与金砖国家和欧佩克+一致的平行能源市场的出现以及全球绿色投资分布不均等方面。通过整合政治现实主义和社会建构主义,该研究突出了制裁作为强制性工具和系统性能源变化的无意催化剂的双重特征。这些发现要求我们采取更细致的政策方法,平衡地缘政治目标与可持续能源安全。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Innovation Studies
International Journal of Innovation Studies Business, Management and Accounting-Strategy and Management
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
19 weeks
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