Human mast cells in anaphylaxis: from research to diagnosis.

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-23 DOI:10.1097/ACI.0000000000001092

Jessy Elst, Didier G Ebo, Vito Sabato

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Mast cell degranulation in anaphylaxis can result from both IgE-dependent and IgE-independent mechanisms. The two conditions differ in terms of phenotype, diagnosis and specific therapeutic targets.

Recent findings: Genetic factors and IgE-sialylation might enhance IgE-dependent degranulation. MRGPRX2-dependent signal might have a synergistic effect on IgE-dependent degranulation. The data on IgG-dependent anaphylaxis highlight the significance of histamine release from mast cells. Recent advances in the field have led to the development of novel targeting treatments for both IgE-dependent and IgE-independent mast cell degranulation.

Summary: In-vitro analysis of human mast cells offers the possibility of studying the mechanisms underlying mast cell degranulation in anaphylaxis. The implementation of this analysis in clinical practice can advance diagnosis. Moreover, mechanistic and preclinical studies support the development of targeted treatments for IgE-dependent and IgE-independent anaphylaxis.

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过敏反应中的人肥大细胞：从研究到诊断。

综述目的：过敏性反应中的肥大细胞脱颗粒可由ige依赖性和ige非依赖性机制引起。这两种情况在表型、诊断和特异性治疗靶点方面有所不同。最近发现：遗传因素和ige唾液化可能促进ige依赖性脱粒。mrgprx2依赖性信号可能对ige依赖性脱粒具有协同作用。igg依赖性过敏反应的数据强调了肥大细胞释放组胺的重要性。该领域的最新进展导致了针对ige依赖性和ige非依赖性肥大细胞脱颗粒的新型靶向治疗的发展。摘要：人肥大细胞的体外分析为研究过敏反应中肥大细胞脱颗粒的机制提供了可能性。在临床实践中实施这种分析，可以提前诊断。此外，机制和临床前研究支持针对ige依赖性和ige非依赖性过敏反应的靶向治疗的发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on one to three topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as upper airway disease; mechanisms of allergy and adult asthma; paediatric asthma and development of atopy; food and drug allergies; and immunotherapy.