Melatonin Reduced Hyperexcitability and Enhanced Sleep Oscillations in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Aged Male Rats

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Neurochemical Research Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI:10.1007/s11064-025-04497-6

Farnaz Karimani, Mehdi Eivani, Afsaneh Asgari Taei, Mohammad-Reza Abolghasemi Dehaqani, Leila Dargahi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aging is commonly associated with cognitive decline, particularly in memory, and is linked to neuronal hyperexcitability and disrupted sleep-related oscillations in key brain regions such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Melatonin has been proposed as a potential therapeutic agent to counteract age-related cognitive impairments. In this study, 24-month-old male Wistar rats were treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 30 days. Local field potentials were recorded from the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex to assess neuronal activity. Memory performance was evaluated using the novel object recognition test, and qPCR measured expression levels of inflammatory and amyloidogenesis markers. Melatonin treatment significantly reduced neuronal hyperexcitability, enhanced delta and theta oscillations, and increased sleep spindle amplitude, which were associated with improved memory performance. Additionally, melatonin attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatory markers without affecting the expression of amyloidogenesis-related genes. These findings suggest that melatonin may enhance cognitive function in aging by modulating neuronal excitability, sleep oscillations, and neuroinflammatory processes.

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褪黑素降低老年雄性大鼠海马和前额叶皮层的过度兴奋性和增强睡眠振荡。

衰老通常与认知能力下降，尤其是记忆力下降有关，还与大脑关键区域（如海马体和前额皮质）的神经元过度兴奋性和睡眠相关振荡中断有关。褪黑素已被提出作为一种潜在的治疗药物，以抵消与年龄相关的认知障碍。在这项研究中，24月龄雄性Wistar大鼠接受褪黑素（10 mg/kg，腹腔注射）治疗30天。记录海马和前额叶皮层的局部场电位以评估神经元活动。使用新的目标识别测试评估记忆性能，qPCR测量炎症和淀粉样变性标志物的表达水平。褪黑素治疗显著降低了神经元的过度兴奋性，增强了δ和θ振荡，增加了睡眠纺锤波振幅，这与改善记忆表现有关。此外，褪黑素可以减弱促炎标志物的表达，而不影响淀粉样变性相关基因的表达。这些发现表明，褪黑激素可能通过调节神经元兴奋性、睡眠振荡和神经炎症过程来增强衰老过程中的认知功能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neurochemical Research 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.30%

发文量

320

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Neurochemical Research is devoted to the rapid publication of studies that use neurochemical methodology in research on nervous system structure and function. The journal publishes original reports of experimental and clinical research results, perceptive reviews of significant problem areas in the neurosciences, brief comments of a methodological or interpretive nature, and research summaries conducted by leading scientists whose works are not readily available in English.