Trajectory of the body weight after drug discontinuation in the treatment of anti-obesity medications.

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

BMC Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI:10.1186/s12916-025-04200-0

Han Wu, Wenjia Yang, Tong Guo, Xiaoling Cai, Linong Ji

{"title":"Trajectory of the body weight after drug discontinuation in the treatment of anti-obesity medications.","authors":"Han Wu, Wenjia Yang, Tong Guo, Xiaoling Cai, Linong Ji","doi":"10.1186/s12916-025-04200-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally, obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern, imposing detrimental impacts on human health. The purpose of our study was to explore the long-term effects of anti-obesity medications (AOMs) on body weight and to draw the trajectory of weight change after discontinuation of AOMs.Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials for Studies, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched from the inception to March 2024. Randomized controlled trials of AOMs conducted in population for at least 4 weeks and followed for 4 or more weeks after discontinuation were included. Weight change during treatment and after drug discontinuation was also reported. Random-effect model and meta-regression analysis were accordingly used.Results: At week 4 after discontinuation, compared with the control group, AOM treatment still had weight loss effect (WMD = - 0.32 kg, 95% CI - 3.60-2.97, P = 0.85, I2 = 83%). At 8 weeks after drug discontinuation, AOMs were associated with significant weight regain compared with the control group (WMD = 1.50 kg, 95% CI 1.32-1.68, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0.0%). The weight regain trend remained at 12 and 20 weeks (WMD = 1.76 kg, 95% CI 1.29-2.24, P < 0.0001, I2 = 72.0%; WMD = 2.50 kg, 95% CI 2.27-2.73, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0.0%). Among the different subgroups of AOMs, significant weight regain after 12 weeks of drug discontinuation was observed only in studies with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) related drugs. In addition, studies in which weight loss was greater during treatment than in the control group and studies in which lifestyle interventions were continued observed significant weight gain after drug discontinuation.Conclusion: Significant weight regain occurred 8 weeks after discontinuation of AOMs and was sustained through 20 weeks. Different weight regain was observed in subjects with different characteristics. Studies with longer follow-up duration are required to further investigate the potential factors associated with weight change after discontinuation of treatment.","PeriodicalId":9188,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281790/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04200-0","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Globally, obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern, imposing detrimental impacts on human health. The purpose of our study was to explore the long-term effects of anti-obesity medications (AOMs) on body weight and to draw the trajectory of weight change after discontinuation of AOMs.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials for Studies, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched from the inception to March 2024. Randomized controlled trials of AOMs conducted in population for at least 4 weeks and followed for 4 or more weeks after discontinuation were included. Weight change during treatment and after drug discontinuation was also reported. Random-effect model and meta-regression analysis were accordingly used.

Results: At week 4 after discontinuation, compared with the control group, AOM treatment still had weight loss effect (WMD = - 0.32 kg, 95% CI - 3.60-2.97, P = 0.85, I² = 83%). At 8 weeks after drug discontinuation, AOMs were associated with significant weight regain compared with the control group (WMD = 1.50 kg, 95% CI 1.32-1.68, P < 0.0001, I² = 0.0%). The weight regain trend remained at 12 and 20 weeks (WMD = 1.76 kg, 95% CI 1.29-2.24, P < 0.0001, I² = 72.0%; WMD = 2.50 kg, 95% CI 2.27-2.73, P < 0.0001, I² = 0.0%). Among the different subgroups of AOMs, significant weight regain after 12 weeks of drug discontinuation was observed only in studies with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) related drugs. In addition, studies in which weight loss was greater during treatment than in the control group and studies in which lifestyle interventions were continued observed significant weight gain after drug discontinuation.

Conclusion: Significant weight regain occurred 8 weeks after discontinuation of AOMs and was sustained through 20 weeks. Different weight regain was observed in subjects with different characteristics. Studies with longer follow-up duration are required to further investigate the potential factors associated with weight change after discontinuation of treatment.

查看原文本刊更多论文

停药后体重在抗肥胖药物治疗中的变化轨迹。

背景：在全球范围内，肥胖已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题，对人类健康造成有害影响。本研究旨在探讨抗肥胖药物（AOMs）对体重的长期影响，并绘制停药后体重变化的轨迹。方法：检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials for Studies和Clinicaltrials.gov网站，检索时间从研究开始到2024年3月。纳入在人群中进行至少4周的AOMs随机对照试验，并在停药后随访4周或更长时间。治疗期间和停药后体重变化也有报道。采用随机效应模型和元回归分析。结果：停药后第4周，与对照组相比，AOM治疗仍有减肥效果（WMD = - 0.32 kg, 95% CI - 3.60-2.97, P = 0.85, I2 = 83%）。停药后8周，与对照组相比，AOMs患者体重恢复显著相关（WMD = 1.50 kg, 95% CI 1.32-1.68, P 2 = 0.0%）。12周和20周体重恢复趋势保持不变(WMD = 1.76 kg, 95% CI 1.29-2.24, P 2 = 72.0%；WMD = 2.50 kg, 95% CI 2.27-2.73, P 2 = 0.0%)。在AOMs的不同亚组中，仅在使用胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RA）相关药物的研究中，观察到停药12周后体重明显恢复。此外，在治疗期间体重减轻幅度大于对照组的研究和继续进行生活方式干预的研究中，观察到停药后体重明显增加。结论：停用AOMs后8周体重明显回升，并持续20周。在不同特征的受试者中观察到不同的体重恢复。需要更长的随访时间来进一步研究与停药后体重变化相关的潜在因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

BMC Medicine 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.10%

发文量

435

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Medicine is an open access, transparent peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is the flagship journal of the BMC series and publishes outstanding and influential research in various areas including clinical practice, translational medicine, medical and health advances, public health, global health, policy, and general topics of interest to the biomedical and sociomedical professional communities. In addition to research articles, the journal also publishes stimulating debates, reviews, unique forum articles, and concise tutorials. All articles published in BMC Medicine are included in various databases such as Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CAS, Citebase, Current contents, DOAJ, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, OAIster, SCImago, Scopus, SOCOLAR, and Zetoc.