Biochar type and rate effects on greenhouse gas emissions from furrow-irrigated rice

IF 1.5 Q3 AGRONOMY
Lauren Gwaltney, Kristofor R. Brye, Diego Della Lunga, Trenton L. Roberts, Samuel B. Fernandes, Mike B. Daniels
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Abstract

Biochar is a relatively new, potential climate-mitigation strategy, but biochar still requires investigation regarding biochar's ability to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Little research has been conducted to quantify the impacts of biochar on GHG production from upland (i.e., furrow-irrigated) rice (Oryza sativa) production systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wood biochar type (powder and coarse particle size) and application rate (0, 2.5, and 5 Mg ha−1) on GHG emissions in greenhouse-grown, simulated furrow-irrigated rice grown in a silt-loam soil. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes were measured weekly throughout a 5-month growing season during summer 2023, and season-long emissions and reduced global warming potential (GWP, excluding CO2) were estimated. Among the coarse-sized biochar treatments, season-long N2O emissions (41.7 kg N2O ha−1 season−1) were largest (p < 0.05) from the unamended control (0 Mg ha−1), followed by the 2.5 (17.1 kg N2O ha−1 season−1) and 5 Mg ha−1 rate (4.9 kg N2O ha−1 season−1), while season-long N2O emissions did not differ (p > 0.05) among powder-sized biochar treatments. Reduced GWP was greatest (p < 0.05; 11.2 Mg CO2 eq. ha−1 season−1) from the unamended control, followed by the 2.5 Mg ha−1 rate (4.7 Mg CO2 eq. ha−1 season−1), and least (p < 0.05; 1.4 Mg CO2 eq. ha−1 season−1) from the 5 Mg ha−1 rate of coarse biochar. Results showed that coarse-sized, wood-chip biochar has the potential to mitigate N2O emissions from furrow-irrigated rice in a silt-loam soil.

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生物炭类型和用量对沟灌水稻温室气体排放的影响
生物炭是一种相对较新的、潜在的气候缓解策略,但生物炭减少温室气体(GHG)排放的能力仍需要调查。很少有研究量化生物炭对旱地(即沟灌)水稻(Oryza sativa)生产系统产生的温室气体的影响。本研究的目的是评估在粉壤土中种植的温室模拟沟灌水稻中,木材生物炭类型(粉末和粗粒度)和施用量(0、2.5和5 Mg ha - 1)对温室气体排放的影响。在2023年夏季为期5个月的生长季中,每周测量二氧化碳(CO2)、甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)通量,并估算整个季节的排放量和减少的全球变暖潜势(GWP,不包括CO2)。在粗粒度生物炭处理中,全季N2O排放量最大(41.7 kg N2O ha - 1 season- 1) (p <;0.05),其次是2.5 (17.1 kg N2O ha - 1季- 1)和5 Mg N2O (4.9 kg N2O ha - 1季- 1),而整个季节的N2O排放量没有差异(p >;0.05)。GWP降低幅度最大(p <;0.05;11.2 Mg CO2当量ha−1季- 1),其次是2.5 Mg CO2当量ha−1季- 1 (4.7 Mg CO2当量ha−1季- 1),最小(p <;0.05;1.4 Mg CO2当量ha−1季−1)从5 Mg ha−1速率的粗质生物炭。结果表明,粗粒木屑生物炭具有减少粉壤土中沟灌水稻N2O排放的潜力。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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