Exploring the causes of violent behavior in female youth in North Macedonia: A risk factor analysis

Abstract

This paper explores the underlying risk factors contributing to violent behavior among female adolescents in North Macedonia, a country facing prolonged social instability and disorganization. Drawing on national institutional data and relevant literature, the study examines how adverse family environments, peer influence, mental health issues, and structural disadvantages intersect to increase vulnerability to delinquency. Special attention is given to factors such as exposure to domestic violence, parental neglect, lack of social support, school disengagement, and early substance use. By contextualizing these risks within North Macedonia's broader socioeconomic challenges, the paper emphasizes the urgent need for gender-sensitive prevention strategies and targeted interventions to support at-risk girls and prevent their involvement in the juvenile justice system.