The heat shock transcription factors regulate response mechanisms to abiotic stresses in plants

Crop Design Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.cropd.2025.100109

Yu-Xiao Wang , Jian-Hong Xu

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Abstract

Plants frequently encounter diverse abiotic stresses, including high temperature, low temperature, drought, salinity, and heavy metal contamination during their growth and development. These environmental challenges disrupt cellular homeostasis, impacting cell membrane stability, osmotic regulation, ionic composition, thereby leading to protein misfolding and the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) play a crucial role in plant stress response and adaptation by regulating the transcription of heat shock protein (HSP) genes and other stress-inducible genes. This process is integral to plant resilience against adverse conditions and other physiological functions. This review synthesizes the structure features, classification, regulatory mechanisms, and functional roles of plant HSFs in response to abiotic stresses such as high and low temperature, drought and salinity. Furthermore, we discuss future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical guidance and genetic resources for enhancing crop stress tolerance through genetic improvement.

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热休克转录因子调节植物对非生物胁迫的响应机制

植物在生长发育过程中经常遇到高温、低温、干旱、盐碱、重金属污染等多种非生物胁迫。这些环境挑战破坏细胞稳态，影响细胞膜稳定性、渗透调节、离子组成，从而导致蛋白质错误折叠和活性氧（ROS）的过度积累。热休克转录因子（Heat shock transcription factors, HSFs）通过调控热休克蛋白（Heat shock protein， HSP）基因和其他胁迫诱导基因的转录，在植物的逆境响应和适应中起着至关重要的作用。这一过程是植物抵御不利条件和其他生理功能的必要条件。本文综述了植物hsf的结构特征、分类、调控机制及其在高温、低温、干旱、盐度等非生物胁迫下的功能作用。并对今后的研究方向进行了探讨，以期为通过遗传改良提高作物的抗逆性提供理论指导和遗传资源。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Crop Design

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