Exploratory evaluation of gold mineralization in Sodmein and El Haramiya areas, west Quseir, Egypt

Abstract

The rock units exposed in the West Quseir region, encompassing the Wadi Sodmein (WS) and El Haramiya (EH) areas, are predominantly composed of metamorphic and igneous formations associated with the Pan-African Arabian–Nubian Shield. The Precambrian Nubian Shield, which constitutes the western segment of the Arabian–Nubian Shield, is well known for hosting significant mineral deposits, including iron ore, gold, copper, and rare earth elements. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the structural framework and mineralization processes within these economically promising zones. It involves comprehensive field-based geological investigations, during which approximately 60 samples were collected for detailed petrographic analysis of the West Quseir region, specifically within the EH and WS subareas of Egypt's Eastern Desert. To achieve this, available aeromagnetic data were analysed using advanced filtering techniques, including Analytic Signal (AS), Source Parameter Imaging (SPI), Tilt Derivative, Euler Deconvolution (ED), Contact Occurrence Density (COD), and magnetic susceptibility anomaly inversion along selected land magnetic profiles. The findings reveal a complex network of dominant NW–SE and NE–SW oriented lineaments, which correspond to major shear zones and fault systems that exert significant control over mineral deposition. The filtered magnetic data delineates several anomalies that are consistent with the occurrence of gold mineralization. Additionally, rock sampling and structural measurements confirm the presence of gold-bearing quartz veins, as previously documented in earlier studies. Detailed petrographic analysis further substantiates the potential for gold mineralization within the study area, reinforcing its significance as a prospective exploration target.