Single-cell sequencing combined with spatial transcriptomics reveals the characteristics of follicle-targeted inflammation patterns in primary cicatricial alopecia.
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Abstract
Background: Primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA) causes irreversible hair loss due to immune-mediated hair follicle destruction. This study investigates follicle-targeted inflammation in lichen planopilaris (LPP), a major PCA subtype, to identify therapeutic targets.
Methods: Scalp samples from LPP, localized scleroderma (LS), and controls were analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. Cellular composition, spatial localization, and intercellular interactions were examined using differential gene expression and ligand-receptor analyses.
Results: CD8⁺ effector memory T cells (Tem) and macrophages infiltrated hair follicles in LPP, disrupting immune privilege and promoting scarring. Heightened interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling and STAT1 activation in Tem cells caused epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). Additionally, macrophage-secreted oncostatin M (OSM) impaired HFSC integrity. These mechanisms drive LPP's inflammation and fibrosis.
Conclusions: Our findings identify interferon-γ and oncostatin M as key drivers of LPP pathogenesis, offering targets to reduce follicular scarring and preserve hair growth.
期刊介绍：
Cell and Bioscience, the official journal of the Society of Chinese Bioscientists in America, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses all areas of life science research.
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