Pharmacists at the frontline: A cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to breast cancer screening promotion in Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

BackgroundBreast cancer remains a major public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with low screening rates and late-stage diagnoses. Community pharmacists are accessible healthcare providers who could play a key role in promoting breast cancer screening. However, little is known about their knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers related to screening promotion. This study aimed to assess Saudi community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and barriers related to breast cancer screening promotion and to identify predictors of higher knowledge levels.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 382 community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia using a validated, structured questionnaire. The survey assessed demographic information, knowledge of breast cancer, attitudes toward screening promotion, and perceived barriers. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression.ResultsAlthough 73.6% of pharmacists achieved knowledge scores ≥ 50% (answering more than 11 out of 23 questions correctly), A considerable proportion (41.3%) incorrectly believed that breast size is associated with cancer risk. While pharmacists generally exhibited positive attitudes, about 30% did not view breast cancer screening promotion as part of their role. Significant barriers included the availability of enough personnel, having sufficient time for counseling, and access to educational materials. Logistic regression identified seeing fewer female patients and not attending cancer awareness events as predictors of lower knowledge.ConclusionsDespite moderate knowledge and positive attitudes, structural and educational barriers hinder pharmacists' active involvement in breast cancer screening promotion. Targeted educational initiatives, better resource access, and integration into national screening strategies are essential to optimize pharmacists' contributions to early detection efforts.