Context effects for degraded speech: Effects of age, preceding or subsequent contextual cues, and signal-to-noise ratio.

IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ACOUSTICS
Anna R Tinnemore, Sandra Gordon-Salant, Matthew J Goupell
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Predictive sentence contexts can be used to support speech understanding when words are degraded or unclear. Older adults are thought to maintain the ability to benefit from context. Because context effects are usually measured on words at the end of a sentence, it is unknown if a word's location in a sentence interacts with a listener's age and the word's degradation level to influence the context effect. In this study, listeners (20-76 years) with normal hearing were presented spectrally degraded (8-channel vocoded) speech and performed a phoneme categorization task for words embedded in various levels of speech-shaped noise at the beginning or end of sentences with congruent, incongruent, or neutral contexts. Phoneme categorization accuracy and response times were measured. Results showed effects of target word location within the sentence, especially at more difficult signal-to-noise ratios (-5 and -10 dB). Although there was no significant effect of age on the magnitude of the context effect, there were significant interactions between age, signal-to-noise ratio, and sentence position on response times. These findings suggest that listeners' context benefit depends on a degraded word's position within the sentence and support the theory that all listeners, including older adults, can benefit from context cues.

语言退化的语境效应:年龄、前后语境线索和信噪比的影响。
预测性的句子上下文可以用来支持在单词退化或不清楚时的语音理解。老年人被认为保持了从环境中获益的能力。因为语境效应通常是在句子末尾的单词上测量的,所以不知道单词在句子中的位置是否与听者的年龄和单词的退化程度相互作用,从而影响语境效应。在这项研究中,听力正常的听者(20-76岁)被呈现频谱退化(8通道语音编码)语音,并对包含一致、不一致或中性语境的句子开头或结尾嵌入不同程度语音形状噪声的单词进行音素分类任务。测量音素分类准确率和反应时间。结果显示了目标词在句子中的位置的影响,特别是在更困难的信噪比(-5和-10 dB)下。虽然年龄对语境效应的大小没有显著影响,但年龄、信噪比和句子位置对反应时间有显著的交互作用。这些发现表明,听者的语境受益取决于贬义词在句子中的位置,并支持了所有听者,包括老年人,都能从语境线索中受益的理论。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1433
审稿时长
4.7 months
期刊介绍: Since 1929 The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America has been the leading source of theoretical and experimental research results in the broad interdisciplinary study of sound. Subject coverage includes: linear and nonlinear acoustics; aeroacoustics, underwater sound and acoustical oceanography; ultrasonics and quantum acoustics; architectural and structural acoustics and vibration; speech, music and noise; psychology and physiology of hearing; engineering acoustics, transduction; bioacoustics, animal bioacoustics.
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