Ioannis D Gkegkes, Nikolaos Katsoulas, Dimitrios Vlachodimitropoulos, Apostolos P Stamatiadis
{"title":"Anal Verrucous Carcinoma: A Case Report and a Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ioannis D Gkegkes, Nikolaos Katsoulas, Dimitrios Vlachodimitropoulos, Apostolos P Stamatiadis","doi":"10.1007/s12029-025-01272-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Αn uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma is represented by verrucous carcinoma. Regarding the anal and perianal area, verrucous carcinoma is rarely described in the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic PubMed and Scopus search was performed, a propos of a case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 39-year-old man presented to our proctology practice, complaining of a palpable, perianal lump. A small size of the lesion was decided to be excised, under local anaesthesia. Pathology revealed the presence of verrucous carcinoma. Thirty patients from 17 studies were included. The mean age of the patients was 47.4 years (range: 33-77). The majority of them were males (24 out of 30, 80%). Considering the comorbidities of the included patients, only in 4 patients were mentioned to have a history of multiple perianal fistulas due to Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, heart-lung transplantation and hidradenitis suppurativa, respectively. The most frequent symptoms at the time of presentation were painless perianal mass (7 out of 30, 23.3%), perianal pain (5 out of 30, 16.7%), ulcerated / exophytic mass (4 out of 30, 13.3%), pruritus ani (2 out of 30, 6.7%), perianal sepsis (1 out of 30, 10%) and bleeding (1 out of 30, 10%). The duration of the symptoms ranged between 2 months and 14 years. Regarding the surgical treatment of the included patients, local excision was the most common surgical option (76.7%). Combined chemoradiotherapy was administered in 5 out of 30 patients (16.7%). Recurrence of the disease was reported in 5 out of 30 patients (16.7%). Death was reported in 3 out of 30 cases (10%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Αnal verrucous carcinoma (VC) is an extremely rare neoplasm of the perianal area. In most of the cases, early diagnosis of VC is difficult due to the fact that its appearance and its symptoms commonly mimic benign conditions. Histopathological confirmation is the principal requisite in any further therapeutic treatment. In general, the prognosis is relatively good, especially when an early and radical excision is performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-025-01272-2","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Αn uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma is represented by verrucous carcinoma. Regarding the anal and perianal area, verrucous carcinoma is rarely described in the literature.
Methods: A systematic PubMed and Scopus search was performed, a propos of a case report.
Results: A 39-year-old man presented to our proctology practice, complaining of a palpable, perianal lump. A small size of the lesion was decided to be excised, under local anaesthesia. Pathology revealed the presence of verrucous carcinoma. Thirty patients from 17 studies were included. The mean age of the patients was 47.4 years (range: 33-77). The majority of them were males (24 out of 30, 80%). Considering the comorbidities of the included patients, only in 4 patients were mentioned to have a history of multiple perianal fistulas due to Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, heart-lung transplantation and hidradenitis suppurativa, respectively. The most frequent symptoms at the time of presentation were painless perianal mass (7 out of 30, 23.3%), perianal pain (5 out of 30, 16.7%), ulcerated / exophytic mass (4 out of 30, 13.3%), pruritus ani (2 out of 30, 6.7%), perianal sepsis (1 out of 30, 10%) and bleeding (1 out of 30, 10%). The duration of the symptoms ranged between 2 months and 14 years. Regarding the surgical treatment of the included patients, local excision was the most common surgical option (76.7%). Combined chemoradiotherapy was administered in 5 out of 30 patients (16.7%). Recurrence of the disease was reported in 5 out of 30 patients (16.7%). Death was reported in 3 out of 30 cases (10%).
Conclusion: Αnal verrucous carcinoma (VC) is an extremely rare neoplasm of the perianal area. In most of the cases, early diagnosis of VC is difficult due to the fact that its appearance and its symptoms commonly mimic benign conditions. Histopathological confirmation is the principal requisite in any further therapeutic treatment. In general, the prognosis is relatively good, especially when an early and radical excision is performed.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer is a multidisciplinary medium for the publication of novel research pertaining to cancers arising from the gastrointestinal tract.The journal is dedicated to the most rapid publication possible.The journal publishes papers in all relevant fields, emphasizing those studies that are helpful in understanding and treating cancers affecting the esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder and biliary tree, pancreas, small bowel, large bowel, rectum, and anus. In addition, the Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer publishes basic and translational scientific information from studies providing insight into the etiology and progression of cancers affecting these organs. New insights are provided from diverse areas of research such as studies exploring pre-neoplastic states, risk factors, epidemiology, genetics, preclinical therapeutics, surgery, radiation therapy, novel medical therapeutics, clinical trials, and outcome studies.In addition to reports of original clinical and experimental studies, the journal also publishes: case reports, state-of-the-art reviews on topics of immediate interest or importance; invited articles analyzing particular areas of pancreatic research and knowledge; perspectives in which critical evaluation and conflicting opinions about current topics may be expressed; meeting highlights that summarize important points presented at recent meetings; abstracts of symposia and conferences; book reviews; hypotheses; Letters to the Editors; and other items of special interest, including:Complex Cases in GI Oncology: This is a new initiative to provide a forum to review and discuss the history and management of complex and involved gastrointestinal oncology cases. The format will be similar to a teaching case conference where a case vignette is presented and is followed by a series of questions and discussion points. A brief reference list supporting the points made in discussion would be expected.
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