Development and Initial Validation of the Therapist Ambiguity Intolerance Scale: Evidence Based on Multilevel Data and Analyses.

IF 2.6 1区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Psychotherapy Research Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI:10.1080/10503307.2025.2524518

Hui Xu, Zhijin Hou, Jiajia Zhu, Lan Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To facilitate research on therapist factors that relate to treatment implementation and alliance building, the current study developed and validated a scale that measures therapist ambiguity intolerance.

Method: Using 870 sessions from 257 clients nested within 96 therapists in a Chinese master's training program, the present study developed items for the Therapist Ambiguity Intolerance Scale (TAIS), explored its factor structure, and examined its structural and criterion validities. The analyses were conducted based on a multilevel framework.

Results: The results supported a unidimensional structure at the between-client level. Although technically a bifactor model with three specific factors was favored at the within-client level, the results revealed a dominant general factor. The score of the TAIS was positively associated with therapist anxiety and negatively associated with therapist self-efficacy at both the within- and between-client levels. The TAIS score was negatively associated with client-rated working alliance at the between-client level. Additionally, the TAIS score was negatively associated with client-rated session quality at both the within- and between-client levels.

Conclusions: This study offers a useful measure of therapist ambiguity intolerance for research and practice on therapy and training. It highlights the importance of handling inevitable ambiguity in therapy.

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治疗师歧义不耐受量表的开发和初步验证：基于多层次数据和分析的证据。

目的：为了促进对与治疗实施和联盟建立相关的治疗师因素的研究，本研究开发并验证了一个衡量治疗师歧义耐受度的量表。方法：采用96位治疗师共257名来访者的870次访谈，编制了《治疗师歧义不耐受量表》（TAIS），探讨了其因素结构，并对其结构效度和标准效度进行了检验。分析是基于多层框架进行的。结果：结果支持客户间层次的单维结构。虽然从技术上讲，具有三个特定因素的双因素模型在客户内部水平上受到青睐，但结果显示了一个占主导地位的一般因素。TAIS得分与治疗师焦虑呈正相关，与治疗师自我效能在来访者内和来访者之间呈负相关。TAIS得分与客户评价的工作联盟在客户间水平呈负相关。此外，TAIS得分与客户内部和客户之间的客户评价会话质量呈负相关。结论：本研究为治疗和培训的研究和实践提供了一个有用的衡量治疗师歧义耐受度的方法。它强调了处理治疗中不可避免的歧义的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychotherapy Research PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

10.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Psychotherapy Research seeks to enhance the development, scientific quality, and social relevance of psychotherapy research and to foster the use of research findings in practice, education, and policy formulation. The Journal publishes reports of original research on all aspects of psychotherapy, including its outcomes, its processes, education of practitioners, and delivery of services. It also publishes methodological, theoretical, and review articles of direct relevance to psychotherapy research. The Journal is addressed to an international, interdisciplinary audience and welcomes submissions dealing with diverse theoretical orientations, treatment modalities.