G Alice Woolverton, Wenbo Zhang, Sylvia H M Wong, Jessica J Wang, Vi Nguyen, Chang Zhao, Ritika Rastogi, Tiffany Yip, Brian TaeHyuk Keum, Cindy H Liu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Vicarious racism, or second-hand/indirect exposure to racism, is a highly prevalent phenomenon linked to negative emotions and poor mental health. We performed a scoping review to summarize and analyze the literature on how vicarious racism is defined and measured, where it occurs, samples and study designs used, racial makeup of witnesses compared to targets, evidence connecting vicarious racism to negative emotions and poor mental health, and recommendations for future research.
Methods: We followed the Population, Concept, and Context framework for scoping reviews and searched PubMed and PsycInfo for relevant studies. Five reviewers performed study selection, screening, and extraction using Covidence. We reviewed 51 empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024 using adult samples from the United States.
Results: There is a lack of consensus about how vicarious racism is defined and measured. The majority of papers focused on Black and/or Asian samples; a limited number included Latine samples. Most studies used a cross-sectional design. Positive associations between vicarious racism and poor mental health were observed, with few studies reporting null findings. The two most common recommendations for future research were: (1) identifying pathways from vicarious racism to mental health outcomes and (2) increasing sample diversity.
Conclusions: Comprehensive definitions of vicarious racism and gold-standard measures are necessary for the unified progression of knowledge. Increasing sample diversity in future research will lead to more generalizable findings. Identifying pathways from vicarious racism to mental health outcomes is critical for intervention and prevention among those most vulnerable.
引言:替代性种族主义,或二手/间接接触种族主义,是一种非常普遍的现象,与负面情绪和不良心理健康有关。我们进行了范围审查,以总结和分析关于如何定义和测量替代种族主义的文献,它发生在哪里,使用的样本和研究设计,证人与目标的种族构成,将替代种族主义与负面情绪和不良心理健康联系起来的证据,以及对未来研究的建议。方法:我们遵循Population, Concept, and Context框架进行范围评价,并检索PubMed和PsycInfo相关研究。5名审稿人使用covid进行研究选择、筛选和提取。我们回顾了2014年至2024年间发表的51项实证研究,这些研究使用了来自美国的成人样本。结果:关于如何定义和衡量替代性种族主义缺乏共识。大多数论文集中在黑人和/或亚洲样本上;数量有限的包括拉丁语样本。大多数研究采用了横断面设计。观察到替代性种族主义与不良心理健康之间存在积极联系,很少有研究报告没有发现。对未来研究最常见的两个建议是:(1)确定从替代种族主义到心理健康结果的途径;(2)增加样本多样性。结论:全面界定替代性种族主义和金本位措施是实现知识统一进步的必要条件。在未来的研究中增加样本多样性将导致更普遍的发现。确定从替代性种族主义到心理健康结果的途径对于最弱势群体的干预和预防至关重要。
期刊介绍:
The Harvard Review of Psychiatry is the authoritative source for scholarly reviews and perspectives on important topics in psychiatry. Founded by the Harvard Medical School''s Department of Psychiatry, the Harvard Review of Psychiatry features review papers that summarize and synthesize the key literature in a scholarly and clinically relevant manner. Topics covered include: Schizophrenia and related disorders; Mood disorders; Personality disorders; Substance use disorders; Anxiety; Neuroscience; Psychosocial aspects of psychiatry; Ethics; Psychiatric education; and much more.
In addition, a Clinical Challenges section presents a case with discussion from a panel of experts. Brief reviews are presented in topic-specific columns that include Cross-Cultural Psychiatry, History of Psychiatry, Ethics, and others.