[Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of POEMS syndrome (2025)].

Abstract

POEMS syndrome is a rare plasma cell disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, making patients susceptible to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, which can delay treatment and adversely affect prognosis. There is no gold standard for diagnosing POEMS syndrome; the diagnosis primarily relies on a comprehensive assessment of clinical and laboratory findings. The application of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and novel agents has led to significant improvements in both the treatment and prognosis of POEMS syndrome. This consensus addresses the diagnostic challenges associated with POEMS syndrome and provides treatment recommendations for both transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible patients.