cefalea por uso excesivo de fármacos

Abstract

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a complex and still-developing entity, with diagnostic criteria established in the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). It has a prevalence of 2.2% in the general population and produces a severe burden of disease in those who suffer from it. Patients are heterogeneous in several respects; it has not been determined whether the patient's genetic makeup triggers a chronic headache, or if the medications themselves are the sole cause of the chronicity of the patient's primary baseline headache. There are complicated and uncomplicated MOH. Treatment must be multidisciplinary. Abrupt detoxification, associated with the early initiation of preventive therapy, has been shown to be most effective. New therapies for the preventive treatment of migraine have generated new paradigms in the management of MOH, and there are currently several therapeutic alternatives. There are three detoxification regimens: outpatient regimen, hospitalization in a health center, and day hospitalization. The medium and long-term prognosis is positive, but a follow-up program is required for these patients over time due to their high relapse rate, especially during the first year.