Leech infestation-a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report

Abstract

Background

Leeches are rare blood-sucking endoparasites found in fresh water and can cause potentially life-threatening complications. Leech infestations are an uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, often presenting diagnostic challenges and rarely considered in the differential diagnosis. The available literature on leech infestation is limited.

Case presentation

A 20-year-old woman from rural Ethiopia presented with bloody vomiting and spitting of saliva mixed with blood of 6 days duration. There was bright red blood over the posterior part of the tongue, palate, and oropharynx. An endoscopy revealed a motile dark brown worm in the hypopharynx, specifically in the pyriform sinus, along with active bleeding. Under conscious sedation, a 5 cm long leech was removed gently using nontoothed forceps. Bleeding was stopped immediately and patient discharged in stable condition.