Diversity in body composition, segmental muscle mass distribution and isometric strength in team sports.

Aleksandra Stachoń, Jadwiga Pietraszewska, Anna Burdukiewicz
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Abstract

Purpose: Regular training causes the human body to adapt to the load, and specific changes occur in the soft tissues affecting the body composition. In this study, we analyzed differences in body composition, segmental muscle mass and isometric strength in soccer players, basketball players, handball players and volleyball players. Methods: Height and weight were measured in 96 men aged 20.7 ± 1.88 years training in academic sports clubs in Wrocław (Poland): football (n = 24, age: 20.3 ± 1.08 years), basketball (n = 24, age: 20.9 ± 1.83 years), handball (n = 24, age: 21.2 ± 1.90 years) and volleyball (n = 24, age: 20.3 ± 1.06 years). Body composition was assessed using BIA and SBIA. Motor tests were conducted to assess grip strength and back strength. Results: It occurred that soccer players are characterized by significantly lower height. Handball players have higher body cell mass and better results in strength tests. Additionally, they have a less muscular torso and more strongly muscled legs. Basketball players, handball players and volleyball players are characterized by a more muscular right side of the torso. Football players are distinguished by greater muscularity of the right lower limb. Among volleyball players, greater muscularity of the right upper limb was noted. In football, handball and basketball players, significantly greater right hand strength was observed. Conclusions: It can be concluded that training load in team games shapes specific differences in body composition and isometric strength. Team game players also tend to develop directional asymmetries in the musculature of body segments and grip strength.

团体运动中身体组成、节段性肌肉质量分布和等长力量的多样性。
目的:定期训练使人体适应负荷,影响身体组成的软组织发生特定变化。在这项研究中,我们分析了足球运动员、篮球运动员、手球运动员和排球运动员在身体组成、节段肌肉质量和等长力量方面的差异。方法:对波兰Wrocław学术体育俱乐部训练的96名年龄20.7±1.88岁的男性进行身高、体重测量,分别为足球(n = 24,年龄20.3±1.08岁)、篮球(n = 24,年龄20.9±1.83岁)、手球(n = 24,年龄21.2±1.90岁)、排球(n = 24,年龄20.3±1.06岁)。采用BIA和SBIA评价体成分。进行运动测试以评估握力和背部力量。结果:足球运动员身高明显偏低。手球运动员的身体细胞质量较高,在力量测试中成绩较好。此外,他们的躯干肌肉较少,腿部肌肉较多。篮球运动员、手球运动员和排球运动员的特点是躯干右侧肌肉更发达。足球运动员的特点是右下肢肌肉发达。在排球运动员中,右上肢肌肉发达。在足球、手球和篮球运动员中,观察到明显更大的右手力量。结论:团队运动中的训练负荷影响了身体成分和等长力量的具体差异。团队游戏玩家也倾向于在身体部分的肌肉组织和握力方面发展方向不对称。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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