Anti-Müllerian hormone as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in polycystic ovary syndrome: a clinical study.

Abstract

A study was conducted on anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. Samples were collected from 96 women with PCOS and 91 control women, aged 20 to 45 years for both groups. Levels of AMH, estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH/FSH ratio, endometrial growth rate (WHR), and body mass index (BMI) were measured. The results showed significantly lower AMH levels in women with PCOS compared to healthy women at the probability level (P=0.05). The results also demonstrated a significant positive association between the prevalence of PCOS and AMH levels for estrogen, LH, and LH/FSH. It had an inverse relationship with AMH, progesterone, FSH, endometrial growth rate (WHR), and body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, the risk of AMH deficiency in women with PCOS increases with age, due to decreased fertility and egg production from the ovaries, especially after the age of 30, as well as weight gain. This suggests that age-related declines in AMH concentrations and weight gain are indicative of increased risk factors for PCOS. Finally, this study demonstrated a relationship between PCOS risk factors and AMH concentrations, suggesting that low AMH concentrations increase the risk of PCOS, especially with age. This suggests the potential for incorporating AMH into early detection tests and the development of more effective treatments for this condition.