{"title":"Clinical value of the worst pattern of invasion in predicting extranodal extension in oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Mirai Higaki, Toshinori Ando, Fumitaka Obayashi, Nanako Ito, Suguru Hirota, Atsuko Hamada, Sachiko Yamasaki, Tomoaki Shintani, Koichi Koizumi, Souichi Yanamoto","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-03058-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Extranodal extension (ENE) is one of the major influencing factors for the oncological outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to elucidate the clinical features predictive of ENE in OSCC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with OSCC who underwent neck dissection (ND) with a confirmed pN + status. Cases in which the histopathological evaluation was compromised by preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Histopathological evaluation of extent of ENE category and grading of worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) was compared for available cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Of these, 32/59 (54.2%) were ENE-positive. A higher incidence of ENE was observed in cases where ND was performed at a separate time from the primary tumor resection (odds ratio [OR] = 11.0, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.23-54.5, P = 0.003). Additionally, a higher grade of WPOI (WPOI 4 or 5) was significantly associated with ENE occurrence (OR = 4.53, 95%CI 1.19-20.50, P = 0.026). A positive correlation between the WPOI grade and ENE extent was also identified (ρ = 0.412, P <.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated an association between WPOI and ENE in patients with OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"1259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discover. Oncology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-03058-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: Extranodal extension (ENE) is one of the major influencing factors for the oncological outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to elucidate the clinical features predictive of ENE in OSCC.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with OSCC who underwent neck dissection (ND) with a confirmed pN + status. Cases in which the histopathological evaluation was compromised by preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Histopathological evaluation of extent of ENE category and grading of worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) was compared for available cases.
Results: Fifty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Of these, 32/59 (54.2%) were ENE-positive. A higher incidence of ENE was observed in cases where ND was performed at a separate time from the primary tumor resection (odds ratio [OR] = 11.0, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.23-54.5, P = 0.003). Additionally, a higher grade of WPOI (WPOI 4 or 5) was significantly associated with ENE occurrence (OR = 4.53, 95%CI 1.19-20.50, P = 0.026). A positive correlation between the WPOI grade and ENE extent was also identified (ρ = 0.412, P <.001).
Conclusion: We demonstrated an association between WPOI and ENE in patients with OSCC.