Optimizing Antibiotic Therapy and Circuit Management in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Clinical Strategies and Evidence.

Abstract

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a life-saving therapy for patients with severe respiratory and cardiac failure. However, the management of infections and circuit sequestration remains a significant challenge in ECMO patients. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current strategies and evidence related to antibiotics therapy and circuit management in ECMO.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in medical databases including PubMed® and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to January 2022. Keywords such as "antibiotics therapy ECMO", "circuit sequestration ECMO", and related terms were used to retrieve articles. Studies focusing on infections acquired during ECMO, antibiotic dosing, circuit optimization, and outcomes were included.

Results: The search yielded a total of 20 relevant studies encompassing various aspects of antibiotics therapy and circuit sequestration in ECMO patients. Key findings include the epidemiology of infections acquired during ECMO, optimal antibiotic dosing strategies, risk factors for circuit-related complications, and the impact of circuit changes on patient outcomes. Effective management of infections and circuit sequestration is essential to improve outcomes in ECMO patients.

Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of tailored antibiotic therapy, vigilant circuit monitoring, and evidence-based practices to mitigate complications and optimize patient care during ECMO support. Further research is needed to refine existing strategies and enhance the overall management of ECMO-associated infections and circuit issues.