[Leading neurological symptoms of stroke].

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a common, potentially life-threatening event that presents both acute and long-term challenges for patients and the healthcare system. The importance of educating patients about key symptoms, rapid diagnosis, and timely therapy is often underestimated. In addition to prevention through the optimal management of risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes, early detection of stroke symptoms is crucial. Modern and effective therapies such as thrombolysis and endovascular procedures can significantly improve outcomes if initiated promptly. Familiarity with stroke symptoms is essential for recognizing and differentiating so-called stroke mimics and stroke chameleons. In patients showing corresponding symptoms, immediate referral to a hospital is imperative. The 4-S acronym (Sehstörung, Sprachstörung, Schwäche, schnell handeln - visual disturbance, speech disturbance, weakness, act fast) serves as an easily understandable mnemonic for patients. If stroke is suspected, the emergency services (144) should be contacted immediately, as every minute counts ("Time is Brain"). Given that strokes can also present with atypical symptoms, rapid imaging is indispensable in uncertain cases to rule out misdiagnosis. In this context, general practitioners play a crucial role in early detection and timely referral, which again significantly improves the quality of care.