Cytokeratin expression in breast cancer: from mechanisms, progression, diagnosis, and prognosis to therapeutic implications.

IF 2.6 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Molecular and Cellular Oncology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1080/23723556.2025.2526230

Ensiyeh Bahadoran, Sahar Moghbelinejad, Ghazaleh Mohammadi, Hamid Shahbazmohammadi, Zohreh Abdolvahabi, Manijeh Jalilvand, Isareza Zare, Masood Alaei, Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aim: Cytokeratins (CKs) are structural proteins vital to epithelial integrity and play key roles in breast cancer progression. This review explores their expression, functions, and therapeutic potential.

Methods: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. We focused on in vivo, in vitro, and human studies - as well as review articles - published through 1982 that included keywords such as KRT5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80, Cytokeratin 5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80, Keratin 5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80, CK5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80, Cancer, Tumor, Breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer, and TNBC. Following title, abstract, and full-text screening of extracted studies, irrelevant articles and duplicates were excluded.

Results: CK5 and CK17 are strongly associated with aggressive breast cancer subtypes, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), influencing tumor invasiveness and drug resistance. CK18 and CK19 play key roles in estrogen receptor signaling and epithelial stability. Newly identified CKs, CK23 and CK80, show strong correlations with metastasis and poor prognosis. CK-driven pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin and EMT pathways, contribute to tumor progression and therapy resistance.

Conclusion: CKs are key biomarkers for breast cancer classification, prognosis, and therapy response. Their roles in tumor biology suggest potential for targeted treatment and personalized care to improve outcomes.

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乳腺癌细胞角蛋白表达：从机制、进展、诊断、预后到治疗意义。

背景和目的：细胞角蛋白（Cytokeratins, ck）是一种对上皮完整性至关重要的结构蛋白，在乳腺癌的进展中起着关键作用。本文就其表达、功能和治疗潜力作一综述。方法：使用PubMed、Scopus和谷歌Scholar进行系统评价。我们专注于体内、体外和人体研究，以及1982年发表的综述文章，包括关键词KRT5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80、细胞角蛋白5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80、角蛋白5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80、CK5/13/16/17/18/19/23/80、癌症、肿瘤、乳腺癌、三阴性乳腺癌和TNBC。在对提取的研究进行标题、摘要和全文筛选后，排除了不相关的文章和重复的文章。结果：CK5和CK17与侵袭性乳腺癌亚型，特别是三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）密切相关，影响肿瘤侵袭性和耐药性。CK18和CK19在雌激素受体信号传导和上皮稳定性中起关键作用。新发现的CK23和CK80与肿瘤转移和不良预后密切相关。ck驱动的通路，如Wnt/β-catenin和EMT通路，有助于肿瘤进展和治疗耐药性。结论：ck是乳腺癌分型、预后及治疗反应的关键生物标志物。它们在肿瘤生物学中的作用提示了靶向治疗和个性化护理的潜力，以改善预后。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular and Cellular Oncology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Cancer Research

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： For a long time, solid neoplasms have been viewed as relatively homogeneous entities composed for the most part of malignant cells. It is now clear that tumors are highly heterogeneous structures that evolve in the context of intimate interactions between cancer cells and endothelial, stromal as well as immune cells. During the past few years, experimental and clinical oncologists have witnessed several conceptual transitions of this type. Molecular and Cellular Oncology (MCO) emerges within this conceptual framework as a high-profile forum for the publication of fundamental, translational and clinical research on cancer. The scope of MCO is broad. Submissions dealing with all aspects of oncogenesis, tumor progression and response to therapy will be welcome, irrespective of whether they focus on solid or hematological neoplasms. MCO has gathered leading scientists with expertise in multiple areas of cancer research and other fields of investigation to constitute a large, interdisciplinary, Editorial Board that will ensure the quality of articles accepted for publication. MCO will publish Original Research Articles, Brief Reports, Reviews, Short Reviews, Commentaries, Author Views (auto-commentaries) and Meeting Reports dealing with all aspects of cancer research.