Current challenges and emerging opportunities of chimeric antigen receptor-engineered cell immunotherapy.

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 HEMATOLOGY

Experimental Hematology & Oncology Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI:10.1186/s40164-025-00683-y

Yong Liu, Yifei Duan, Zefan Du, Bo Lu, Su Liu, Lindi Li, Mengyao Tian, Liang Li, Ran Yao, Cheng Ouyang, Mo Yang, Chun Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered cellular immunotherapy offers the potential for precise targeting and elimination of tumor cells, providing a tailored approach to cancer treatment. CAR-T cells demonstrate significant anti-tumor activity among these therapies. Nonetheless, these therapies may trigger adverse effects, including inflammatory and neurotoxic reactions during treatment. Recent efforts have been directed toward enhancing efficacy by optimizing CAR design or modulating its activity. Compared to CAR-T cells, CAR-engineered natural killer cells (CAR-NK) present notable advantages, including various sources and diminished toxicity, and are gaining recognition in clinical research. CAR-macrophages (CAR-M), while sharing antigenic domains similar to those of CAR-T cells, display superior capabilities in antigen presentation and tumor penetration. As a result, there is significant enthusiasm surrounding investigations into CAR-NK and CAR-M cell immunotherapies. This review explores the existing environment and obstacles associated with immunotherapies that utilize CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M cells to inspire novel pathways for forthcoming clinical applications.

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嵌合抗原受体工程细胞免疫治疗的当前挑战和新机遇。

嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程细胞免疫疗法提供了精确靶向和消除肿瘤细胞的潜力，为癌症治疗提供了量身定制的方法。CAR-T细胞在这些疗法中显示出显著的抗肿瘤活性。尽管如此，这些疗法可能会引发副作用，包括治疗期间的炎症和神经毒性反应。最近的努力是通过优化CAR设计或调节其活性来提高疗效。与CAR-T细胞相比，car工程自然杀伤细胞（CAR-NK）具有明显的优势，包括来源多样和毒性降低，并且在临床研究中得到越来越多的认可。car -巨噬细胞（car -巨噬细胞，CAR-M）虽然与CAR-T细胞具有相似的抗原结构域，但在抗原呈递和肿瘤穿透方面表现出优越的能力。因此，人们对CAR-NK和CAR-M细胞免疫疗法的研究有着极大的热情。这篇综述探讨了利用CAR-T、CAR-NK和CAR-M细胞的免疫疗法的现有环境和障碍，以激发即将到来的临床应用的新途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Experimental Hematology & Oncology Medicine-Oncology

CiteScore

12.60

自引率

7.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Experimental Hematology & Oncology is an open access journal that encompasses all aspects of hematology and oncology with an emphasis on preclinical, basic, patient-oriented and translational research. The journal acts as an international platform for sharing laboratory findings in these areas and makes a deliberate effort to publish clinical trials with 'negative' results and basic science studies with provocative findings. Experimental Hematology & Oncology publishes original work, hypothesis, commentaries and timely reviews. With open access and rapid turnaround time from submission to publication, the journal strives to be a hub for disseminating new knowledge and discussing controversial topics for both basic scientists and busy clinicians in the closely related fields of hematology and oncology.