{"title":"Lead isotopic ratios of some tertiary coals of Northeast India and source apportionment of lead and heavy metals in the tea leaves of Assam.","authors":"Avijit Das, Rajeev Kumar, Subhra Sarita Patel","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02617-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lead isotopic ratios of forty-six Tertiary coals of North East India were analysed and compared with thirteen Gondwana coals of Peninsular India. To characterize the environmental fallout of coal mining emissions in Makum, the heavy metals Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb were analysed in the tea garden leaves and soils. The Gondwana coals were comparatively enriched in the heavier Pb isotopes than the Tertiary coals. The <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb and <sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ratios of the Oligocene coals of upper Assam ranged between 0.8355-0.8894 and 2.0765-2.1544 while in the Palaeocene-Eocene coals from Meghalaya, the corresponding range was between 0.8007-0.8520 and 2.0125-2.0933. The <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb versus <sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb plot of the three types of coal showed a distinct geographic spread. The mean content (mg/kg, wet weight basis) of Cu (2.6), Cd (0.03), and Pb (1.9) in the tea leaves were below the regulatory guidelines of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (PFA), India. Lead isotopic source apportionment and multivariate statistical analysis of trace metals in the tea leaves showed that Pb in the tea leaves was mainly due to coal emission. The lead isotopic ratios of the Oligocene coals overlapped with the cited values of aerosols in eastern India.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 8","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02617-3","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The lead isotopic ratios of forty-six Tertiary coals of North East India were analysed and compared with thirteen Gondwana coals of Peninsular India. To characterize the environmental fallout of coal mining emissions in Makum, the heavy metals Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb were analysed in the tea garden leaves and soils. The Gondwana coals were comparatively enriched in the heavier Pb isotopes than the Tertiary coals. The 207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb ratios of the Oligocene coals of upper Assam ranged between 0.8355-0.8894 and 2.0765-2.1544 while in the Palaeocene-Eocene coals from Meghalaya, the corresponding range was between 0.8007-0.8520 and 2.0125-2.0933. The 207Pb/206Pb versus 208Pb/206Pb plot of the three types of coal showed a distinct geographic spread. The mean content (mg/kg, wet weight basis) of Cu (2.6), Cd (0.03), and Pb (1.9) in the tea leaves were below the regulatory guidelines of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (PFA), India. Lead isotopic source apportionment and multivariate statistical analysis of trace metals in the tea leaves showed that Pb in the tea leaves was mainly due to coal emission. The lead isotopic ratios of the Oligocene coals overlapped with the cited values of aerosols in eastern India.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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