Muhammad Daoud Butt, Siew Chin Ong, Tooba Malik, Azra Rafiq, Aniekan Joshua Ibanga, Muhammad Nasir Kalam
{"title":"Empowering Diabetes Care Through Pharmacist-Led Education: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Low-Resource Setting.","authors":"Muhammad Daoud Butt, Siew Chin Ong, Tooba Malik, Azra Rafiq, Aniekan Joshua Ibanga, Muhammad Nasir Kalam","doi":"10.1016/j.eprac.2025.06.022","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention on clinical outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and diabetes knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A parallel-group, randomized-controlled trial was conducted involving 400 patients with T2DM assigned to either an intervention group (IG) receiving structured DSME over 12 months or to a control group (CG) receiving standard care. Primary outcomes included changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and diabetes knowledge, assessed using the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. Secondary outcomes included lipid profiles, blood pressure, diabetes self-management behaviors, and HRQoL. Data analysis involved the analysis of covariance and the repeated measures analysis of variance, with subgroup stratified by baseline clinical risk profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the IG exhibited significant reductions in HbA1c levels (from 9.12% to 8.02%) compared with those in the CG (from 9.27% to 9.01%; P < .001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.13) and increased diabetes knowledge scores (from 11.10 to 14.88; P < .001). Significant group × time interaction effects were observed for HbA1c and random blood glucose. Subgroup analysis revealed notable improvements in total cholesterol (P = .03), triglycerides (P = .04), low-density lipoprotein (P = .03), and systolic blood pressure (P = .05) among participants with elevated baseline levels. The IG also showed significant gains in self-management behaviors (P < .001) and HRQoL scores (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pharmacist-led DSME program was effective in enhancing glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, self-management behaviors, and HRQoL in patients with T2DM. Findings from subgroup analyses underscore the potential of tailored pharmacist-led interventions to optimize outcomes in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11682,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Endocrine Practice","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2025.06.022","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention on clinical outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and diabetes knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: A parallel-group, randomized-controlled trial was conducted involving 400 patients with T2DM assigned to either an intervention group (IG) receiving structured DSME over 12 months or to a control group (CG) receiving standard care. Primary outcomes included changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and diabetes knowledge, assessed using the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. Secondary outcomes included lipid profiles, blood pressure, diabetes self-management behaviors, and HRQoL. Data analysis involved the analysis of covariance and the repeated measures analysis of variance, with subgroup stratified by baseline clinical risk profiles.
Results: Participants in the IG exhibited significant reductions in HbA1c levels (from 9.12% to 8.02%) compared with those in the CG (from 9.27% to 9.01%; P < .001, η2 = 0.13) and increased diabetes knowledge scores (from 11.10 to 14.88; P < .001). Significant group × time interaction effects were observed for HbA1c and random blood glucose. Subgroup analysis revealed notable improvements in total cholesterol (P = .03), triglycerides (P = .04), low-density lipoprotein (P = .03), and systolic blood pressure (P = .05) among participants with elevated baseline levels. The IG also showed significant gains in self-management behaviors (P < .001) and HRQoL scores (P < .001).
Conclusion: The pharmacist-led DSME program was effective in enhancing glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, self-management behaviors, and HRQoL in patients with T2DM. Findings from subgroup analyses underscore the potential of tailored pharmacist-led interventions to optimize outcomes in high-risk populations.
期刊介绍：
Endocrine Practice (ISSN: 1530-891X), a peer-reviewed journal published twelve times a year, is the official journal of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). The primary mission of Endocrine Practice is to enhance the health care of patients with endocrine diseases through continuing education of practicing endocrinologists.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
