{"title":"Periodontal disease and the incident risk of diabetes mellitus in Japanese men and women: a 12-year cohort study.","authors":"Kazuka Yoneda, Masaru Sakurai, Yoshiyuki Soyama, Motoko Nakashima, Yuko Morikawa, Teruhiko Kido, Yuchi Naruse, Masao Ishizaki, Hideaki Nakagawa","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00815-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/introduction: </strong>This study assessed the association between periodontal disease and the development of diabetes mellitus, as well as the effects of sex differences and obesity on this association.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 4051 employees (2497 men and 1554 women) aged 35-55 years at a metal product manufacturing company in Japan. Periodontal disease was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index. Diabetes mellitus was determined based on annual health checkups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of periodontal disease was 36.9% (41.9% in men and 29.5% in women). During the 12-year follow-up, 229 participants developed diabetes. The cumulative incidence rates (per 1000 person-years) were 10.1 for all participants, 7.8 for those without periodontal disease, and 14.5 for those with periodontal disease. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes incidence in the periodontal disease group was 1.36 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.78); this was significantly higher than in the non-periodontal disease group. In men, the multivariate-adjusted HR for diabetes incidence was significantly higher in the periodontal disease group, at 1.37 (1.02-1.83), than in the non-periodontal disease group. No significant association was detected in women. When stratified according to sex and obesity status, the non-obese male group showed a significantly higher HR for diabetes incidence in the periodontal disease group (1.75 [1.15-2.66]) compared with the non-periodontal disease group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This 12-year prospective cohort study demonstrated that periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of diabetes; the association was more pronounced in men, particularly non-obese men.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00815-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 3","pages":"528-537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209127/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Diabetology International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00815-z","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aims/introduction: This study assessed the association between periodontal disease and the development of diabetes mellitus, as well as the effects of sex differences and obesity on this association.
Materials and methods: The study included 4051 employees (2497 men and 1554 women) aged 35-55 years at a metal product manufacturing company in Japan. Periodontal disease was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index. Diabetes mellitus was determined based on annual health checkups.
Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease was 36.9% (41.9% in men and 29.5% in women). During the 12-year follow-up, 229 participants developed diabetes. The cumulative incidence rates (per 1000 person-years) were 10.1 for all participants, 7.8 for those without periodontal disease, and 14.5 for those with periodontal disease. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes incidence in the periodontal disease group was 1.36 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.78); this was significantly higher than in the non-periodontal disease group. In men, the multivariate-adjusted HR for diabetes incidence was significantly higher in the periodontal disease group, at 1.37 (1.02-1.83), than in the non-periodontal disease group. No significant association was detected in women. When stratified according to sex and obesity status, the non-obese male group showed a significantly higher HR for diabetes incidence in the periodontal disease group (1.75 [1.15-2.66]) compared with the non-periodontal disease group.
Conclusions: This 12-year prospective cohort study demonstrated that periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of diabetes; the association was more pronounced in men, particularly non-obese men.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00815-z.
期刊介绍:
Diabetology International, the official journal of the Japan Diabetes Society, publishes original research articles about experimental research and clinical studies in diabetes and related areas. The journal also presents editorials, reviews, commentaries, reports of expert committees, and case reports on any aspect of diabetes. Diabetology International welcomes submissions from researchers, clinicians, and health professionals throughout the world who are interested in research, treatment, and care of patients with diabetes. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed to assure that high-quality information in the field of diabetes is made available to readers. Manuscripts are reviewed with due respect for the author''s confidentiality. At the same time, reviewers also have rights to confidentiality, which are respected by the editors. The journal follows a single-blind review procedure, where the reviewers are aware of the names and affiliations of the authors, but the reviewer reports provided to authors are anonymous. Single-blind peer review is the traditional model of peer review that many reviewers are comfortable with, and it facilitates a dispassionate critique of a manuscript.