Illness perception, cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge, medication knowledge, and adherence among post-myocardial infarction patients who completed phase 2 intensive cardiac rehabilitation program

IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI:10.1002/jppr.1971

Hock Peng Koh MPharm, Jiaa Yinn Tang BPharm, Nirmala Jagan PhD, Ying Sin Khong BPharm, Jivanraj R. Nagarajah MPharm, Karen Seok Chuang Lim BPharm, Vijayan Mukundadevan MMed

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the principal cause of death globally and in Malaysia. In Malaysia, a 4- to 6-week subacute cardiac rehabilitation following hospital discharge is available for individuals who have experienced a myocardial infarction (MI) and involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes physicians, pharmacists, and other health care professionals.

Aim

This study aimed to assess the illness perception, CVD risk factor knowledge, medication knowledge, and adherence among individuals who completed a phase 2 intensive cardiac rehabilitation program after post-MI and their associated parameters.

Method

This single-centre, prospective study recruited individuals who had had a MI and participated in a cardiac rehabilitation program at a tertiary hospital from 1 August 2019–31 May 2020 using convenience sampling. Primary endpoints included Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) score, CVD risk factor score, medication knowledge score (assessed using the Dose, Frequency, Indication, and Method of Administration [DFIT] method), medication adherence (assessed using A Single Question [ASQ]), and hospital readmission within 30 days. Associations between these endpoints were analysed. Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Research and Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health Malaysia (Reference no: NMRR-19-1091-48 132) and the study conforms with Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants via distribution of a patient information sheet to potential participants explaining their participation was voluntary and all data would be anonymised. Written consent forms were obtained from all participants prior to their completion of the questionnaire.

Results

Sixty-seven participants with a mean age (±standard deviation) of 53.8 (±8.4) years and predominantly male (n = 53, 79.1%) were recruited. The median BIPQ, CVD risk factor, and medication knowledge scores (interquartile range [IQR]) were 34 (IQR 29–39), 3 (IQR 2–4), and 87.5 (IQR 75.0–94.0), respectively. Most (n = 60, 89.6%) participants adhered to medications. Eleven (16.4%) participants had hospital readmission within 30 days. A higher BIPQ (p = 0.037) and medication knowledge scores (p = 0.046) were significantly associated with medication adherence.

Conclusion

Individuals who completed the intensive phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program after a MI demonstrated moderate illness perception of their CVD and good medication knowledge, both of which were associated with medication adherence. However, their knowledge of CVD risk factors was suboptimal and required attention. To improve the overall outcomes, cardiac rehabilitation programs need to be re-strategised.

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完成2期强化心脏康复计划的心肌梗死后患者的疾病认知、心血管疾病危险因素知识、用药知识和依从性

背景心血管疾病（CVD）是全球和马来西亚的主要死亡原因。在马来西亚，对于经历过心肌梗死（MI）的个人，可以在出院后进行4至6周的亚急性心脏康复，这涉及到包括医生、药剂师和其他卫生保健专业人员在内的多学科方法。目的本研究旨在评估心肌梗死后完成2期强化心脏康复计划的个体的疾病认知、CVD危险因素知识、药物知识和依从性及其相关参数。方法：本研究采用方便抽样的方法，招募了2019年8月1日至2020年5月31日期间在某三级医院参加心脏康复计划的心肌梗死患者。主要终点包括简短疾病认知问卷（BIPQ）评分、心血管疾病危险因素评分、用药知识评分（使用剂量、频率、适应症和给药方法[DFIT]方法评估）、药物依从性（使用单题[ASQ]评估）和30天内的再入院情况。分析了这些终点之间的关联。马来西亚卫生部医学研究和伦理委员会（参考编号：NMRR-19-1091-48 132）批准了伦理许可，该研究符合《赫尔辛基宣言》。通过向潜在参与者分发患者信息表获得所有参与者的知情同意，说明他们的参与是自愿的，所有数据将匿名处理。在完成调查问卷之前，所有参与者都获得了书面同意书。结果共招募了67名参与者，平均年龄（±标准差）为53.8（±8.4）岁，以男性为主（n = 53, 79.1%）。BIPQ、CVD危险因素和用药知识得分（四分位间距[IQR]）的中位数分别为34 （IQR 29-39）、3 （IQR 2-4）和87.5 （IQR 75.0-94.0）。大多数（n = 60, 89.6%）参与者坚持服药。11名（16.4%）参与者在30天内再次住院。较高的BIPQ （p = 0.037）和药物知识得分（p = 0.046）与药物依从性显著相关。结论：心肌梗死后完成强化第2期心脏康复计划的个体表现出对心血管疾病的中度认知和良好的药物知识，这两者都与药物依从性相关。然而，他们对心血管疾病危险因素的了解并不理想，需要引起注意。为了改善总体结果，心脏康复计划需要重新制定策略。

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来源期刊

Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research Health Professions-Pharmacy

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

9.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： The purpose of this document is to describe the structure, function and operations of the Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research, the official journal of the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia (SHPA). It is owned, published by and copyrighted to SHPA. However, the Journal is to some extent unique within SHPA in that it ‘…has complete editorial freedom in terms of content and is not under the direction of the Society or its Council in such matters…’. This statement, originally based on a Role Statement for the Editor-in-Chief 1993, is also based on the definition of ‘editorial independence’ from the World Association of Medical Editors and adopted by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.