Theoretical elucidation of the hindering effect of oxide-layer growth on the ignition of iron particles

IF 5.8 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS
XiaoCheng Mi
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Abstract

This study investigates the hindering effect of a growing oxide layer on the ignition behavior of fine iron particles, focusing on scenarios where the gas temperature is below the critical ignition temperature (Tign). The analysis is grounded in a thermophysical model integrating solid-phase iron oxidation mechanism and heat and mass transfer between the particle and surrounding gas. The results reveal that the growth of an oxide layer under subcritical temperatures has a hindering effect, significantly raising the Tign required for thermal runaway. The effect is more pronounced for smaller particles, with the required Tign increasing by 80–250 K over a residence time of three seconds for particle sizes ranging from 200 to 50 µm, respectively. These findings provide a theoretical framework linking ignition mechanism to the heating process experienced by an iron particle in a practical combustor, offering insights for improving ignition rates through tailored heating conditions.
Novelty and significance statement
This study theoretically identifies the primary reason why a significant number of iron particles fail to ignite in practical combustors—an issue previously reported by developers of iron-powder combustion technologies in industry, yet insufficiently addressed by academic researchers. It elucidates the hindering effect of oxide-layer growth, caused by inadequate heating rates, on the ignition propensity of iron particles—a mechanism suggested in the work of Mi et al. (2022), but still not fully understood within the Metal-enabled Cycle of Renewable Energy (MeCRE) community. By establishing a theoretical framework, this brief communication provides guidance for the design of iron-powder combustors, emphasizing the need for sufficient heating rates to improve ignition reliability and overall combustion efficiency.
氧化层生长对铁颗粒着火阻碍作用的理论解释
本研究研究了氧化层的生长对细铁颗粒点火行为的阻碍作用,重点研究了气体温度低于临界点火温度(Tign)的情况。该分析基于一个热物理模型,该模型将固相铁氧化机理和颗粒与周围气体之间的传热传质结合起来。结果表明,在亚临界温度下,氧化层的生长具有阻碍作用,显著提高了热失控所需的tin。对于较小的颗粒,效果更为明显,对于粒径范围为200至50 μ m的颗粒,所需的tig在3秒的停留时间内分别增加80-250 K。这些发现提供了一个理论框架,将点火机制与铁颗粒在实际燃烧室中的加热过程联系起来,为通过定制加热条件提高点火率提供了见解。新颖性和重要性声明本研究从理论上确定了大量铁颗粒在实际燃烧器中无法点燃的主要原因,这是工业上铁粉燃烧技术的开发人员先前报道的一个问题,但学术研究人员没有充分解决。它阐明了由加热速率不足引起的氧化层生长对铁颗粒着火倾向的阻碍作用- Mi等人(2022)的工作中提出的一种机制,但在可再生能源的金属激活循环(MeCRE)社区中仍未完全理解。本文通过建立理论框架,为铁粉燃烧器的设计提供指导,强调需要足够的加热速率来提高点火可靠性和整体燃烧效率。
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来源期刊
Combustion and Flame
Combustion and Flame 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
20.50%
发文量
631
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: The mission of the journal is to publish high quality work from experimental, theoretical, and computational investigations on the fundamentals of combustion phenomena and closely allied matters. While submissions in all pertinent areas are welcomed, past and recent focus of the journal has been on: Development and validation of reaction kinetics, reduction of reaction mechanisms and modeling of combustion systems, including: Conventional, alternative and surrogate fuels; Pollutants; Particulate and aerosol formation and abatement; Heterogeneous processes. Experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of laminar and turbulent combustion phenomena, including: Premixed and non-premixed flames; Ignition and extinction phenomena; Flame propagation; Flame structure; Instabilities and swirl; Flame spread; Multi-phase reactants. Advances in diagnostic and computational methods in combustion, including: Measurement and simulation of scalar and vector properties; Novel techniques; State-of-the art applications. Fundamental investigations of combustion technologies and systems, including: Internal combustion engines; Gas turbines; Small- and large-scale stationary combustion and power generation; Catalytic combustion; Combustion synthesis; Combustion under extreme conditions; New concepts.
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