Fire Prediction and Risk Identification With Interpretable Machine Learning

IF 3.4 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Shan Dai, Jiayu Zhang, Zhelin Huang, Shipei Zeng
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fire safety is a primary concern in safeguarding lives and property. However, it is challenging to predict fire incidents and identify potential influencing factors due to limitations of data, model accuracy and interpretability. This paper proposes a novel scheme designed to enhance predictive and explainable capabilities by integrating multi-source data, adaptive machine learning methods, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) tools for more effective and applicable fire safety management. The scheme shows satisfactory prediction results by leveraging the data from grid-style management systems and our proposed machine learning method with dynamic time warping distance-based time series clustering, significantly outperforming the methods merely based on time series modeling. Moreover, clustered features help to clarify the main influencing risk factors and provide clearer insights for model interpretability. With global SHAP, community clusters capturing community fire event frequency, as well as historical records on fire police rescue, smoke alarms, and fire alarms, are found to be significant risk factors among all the features over the whole communities and periods via the model interpretability analysis, implying that communities where fires used to occur frequently are more likely to occur in future, which should be highly vigilant in real fire management. With local SHAP, specific risk factors that vary across communities can be identified for any single community with a given period. We demonstrate the potential of this integrated machine learning scheme in improving the prediction accuracy and risk identification applicability of fire incidents, which contributes to more effective and customized fire safety management.

基于可解释机器学习的火灾预测和风险识别
消防安全是保障生命和财产安全的首要问题。然而,由于数据、模型精度和可解释性的限制,预测火灾事件并识别潜在的影响因素是一项挑战。本文提出了一种新的方案,旨在通过集成多源数据、自适应机器学习方法和Shapley加性解释(SHAP)工具来增强预测和解释能力,从而实现更有效和适用的消防安全管理。该方案利用网格式管理系统的数据和我们提出的基于动态时间翘曲距离的时间序列聚类的机器学习方法显示了令人满意的预测结果,显著优于仅基于时间序列建模的方法。此外,聚类特征有助于澄清主要的影响风险因素,并为模型的可解释性提供更清晰的见解。在全球SHAP中,通过模型可解释性分析发现,在整个社区和时期的所有特征中,捕获社区火灾事件频率的社区集群以及火灾警察救援、烟雾报警器和火灾报警的历史记录是重要的风险因素,这意味着过去经常发生火灾的社区未来更容易发生火灾,在实际的火灾管理中应高度警惕。有了当地的SHAP,在特定时期内,任何一个社区都可以识别出不同社区的特定风险因素。我们展示了这种集成机器学习方案在提高火灾事件预测准确性和风险识别适用性方面的潜力,这有助于更有效和定制的火灾安全管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
91
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forecasting is an international journal that publishes refereed papers on forecasting. It is multidisciplinary, welcoming papers dealing with any aspect of forecasting: theoretical, practical, computational and methodological. A broad interpretation of the topic is taken with approaches from various subject areas, such as statistics, economics, psychology, systems engineering and social sciences, all encouraged. Furthermore, the Journal welcomes a wide diversity of applications in such fields as business, government, technology and the environment. Of particular interest are papers dealing with modelling issues and the relationship of forecasting systems to decision-making processes.
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