Yutao Zheng , Jingruo Chen , Yuanzhe He , Minshuo Li , Xiuxiu Chen , Shijie Xu , Xin Wen , Yingzheng Liu , Weiwei Cai
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
A study was conducted using a premixed methane/air/oxygen Bunsen flame laden with iron particles to explore the thermal and fluid dynamic characteristics of iron combustion. An integrated diagnostic system was employed to simultaneously capture the characteristics of both gas and solid phases. The temperature of combusted iron particles was measured using pyrometry in conjunction with an RGB camera, while the gas phase temperature near these particles was determined through Background-Oriented Schlieren Tomography (BOST), calibrated by a B-type thermocouple. Velocities of the iron particles and the surrounding gas phase were quantified using Planar Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), assisted by image segmentation to distinguish between the iron particles and alumina tracers. Synchronisation of all three measurement techniques was achieved, and calibration ensured that data from each method could be accurately correlated within the same coordinate system. Statistical analysis focused on the behaviour of combusted iron particles downstream of the flame region where the convection and radiation heat loss was fully resolved from in-situ measurement, providing insights beneficial for understanding heat transfer phenomena in two-phase flows. The temperature drop of burnt particles contributed from the inert cooling was estimated and compared with the conditional average of particle temperatures, revealing the significant heat production during the phase of reactive cooling. Overall, this study employed a seamlessly integrated multi-physics measurement technique, offering a comprehensive approach to capture all data on combusted iron particles. This methodology holds potential for extension and application to other reacting flows involving particulates.
Novelty and significance statement
A multi-physical measurement was first conducted to capture all thermal characteristics of iron combustion where the heat exchange between the iron combustion and its surrounding environment can be estimated from direct measurement. The temperature evolution of iron particles and their corresponding heat loss was estimated statistically as a function of their residence time, which was started from when they left the flame front of the assisted flame. A good consistency between the modelled and measured iron temperature revealed the reliability of such a measurement technique.
期刊介绍:
The mission of the journal is to publish high quality work from experimental, theoretical, and computational investigations on the fundamentals of combustion phenomena and closely allied matters. While submissions in all pertinent areas are welcomed, past and recent focus of the journal has been on:
Development and validation of reaction kinetics, reduction of reaction mechanisms and modeling of combustion systems, including:
Conventional, alternative and surrogate fuels;
Pollutants;
Particulate and aerosol formation and abatement;
Heterogeneous processes.
Experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of laminar and turbulent combustion phenomena, including:
Premixed and non-premixed flames;
Ignition and extinction phenomena;
Flame propagation;
Flame structure;
Instabilities and swirl;
Flame spread;
Multi-phase reactants.
Advances in diagnostic and computational methods in combustion, including:
Measurement and simulation of scalar and vector properties;
Novel techniques;
State-of-the art applications.
Fundamental investigations of combustion technologies and systems, including:
Internal combustion engines;
Gas turbines;
Small- and large-scale stationary combustion and power generation;
Catalytic combustion;
Combustion synthesis;
Combustion under extreme conditions;
New concepts.