{"title":"Disease characteristics and long-term outcomes of cyclic vomiting syndrome in Singaporean children.","authors":"Lynette Goh, Jeremy Meng Dao Ho, Fang Kuan Chiou","doi":"10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i2.103971","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) and its effect on nutritional status has not been well described.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of children with CVS in Singapore.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years old with CVS diagnosed at KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore from 2011 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two children (69% female) with CVS were included in the study, with mean age of onset of symptoms at 7 (± 4) years and mean follow up duration of 5 years. Forty percent (12/32) of patients were underweight at diagnosis with no other identifiable organic cause, with a median body mass index (BMI) <i>z</i> score -3.2 (range -2 to -7.5). The incidence of systemic hypertension was 10% (3/32). The overall mean frequency of exacerbations in this cohort of patients was 4 (± 4) episodes per year. In total, 16 (50%) patients, who had mean baseline frequency of 6 (± 5) attacks per year, were commenced on prophylactic treatment. Twelve patients (75%) responded to first-line therapy, whereas 4 (25%) required escalation to second-line treatment. With prophylactic treatment, there was an overall improvement in the frequency of attacks with a mean reduction of 5 (± 3) attacks per year. Also, there was improvement in the BMI <i>z</i> score of these patients from a median of -2.9 to -0.9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prophylactic treatment is effective in improving nutritional status as well as reducing symptom frequency and should be considered for patients with complications such as growth failure and significant hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":60311,"journal":{"name":"世界胃肠药理与治疗学杂志:英文版(电子版)","volume":"16 2","pages":"103971"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188913/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"世界胃肠药理与治疗学杂志:英文版(电子版)","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i2.103971","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) and its effect on nutritional status has not been well described.
Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of children with CVS in Singapore.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years old with CVS diagnosed at KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore from 2011 to 2021.
Results: Thirty-two children (69% female) with CVS were included in the study, with mean age of onset of symptoms at 7 (± 4) years and mean follow up duration of 5 years. Forty percent (12/32) of patients were underweight at diagnosis with no other identifiable organic cause, with a median body mass index (BMI) z score -3.2 (range -2 to -7.5). The incidence of systemic hypertension was 10% (3/32). The overall mean frequency of exacerbations in this cohort of patients was 4 (± 4) episodes per year. In total, 16 (50%) patients, who had mean baseline frequency of 6 (± 5) attacks per year, were commenced on prophylactic treatment. Twelve patients (75%) responded to first-line therapy, whereas 4 (25%) required escalation to second-line treatment. With prophylactic treatment, there was an overall improvement in the frequency of attacks with a mean reduction of 5 (± 3) attacks per year. Also, there was improvement in the BMI z score of these patients from a median of -2.9 to -0.9.
Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment is effective in improving nutritional status as well as reducing symptom frequency and should be considered for patients with complications such as growth failure and significant hypertension.